Barron v Baltimore established the precedent or rule that the BR applied only to the nation govt not state govts Gitlow v N Y A First time the court applies the BR to the states B The SC ruled that Freedom of Speech and the press were of such basic fundamental importance that they must be considered to be included within the meaning of due process and applicable to the states throught the 14th amendment due process law Palko v Connecticut SC established the Doctrine of Selective Incorporation which holds that certain parts of the BR those critical to a democracy much be considered to be included within the meaning of due process and held applicable to the states through the 14th amendment Plessy v Ferguson 1896 Separate but equal is permissible Sweatt v Painter 1950 Sweatt applied to University of Texas Law School and they denied him because he was black Supreme Court ruled that the school had to let him in because their separate but equal school wasn t equal Brown v Board of Education 1954 Separate but equal is now gone integration must begin Roe v Wade 1973 A B C In the first trimester the state may not interfere with a woman s right to abortion In the second trimester the state may place restrictions on abortions such as requiring a fetal viability test to determine if the fetus can live outside the womb In the last trimester the state may outlaw abortions altogether Regents of the U Of California v Bakke 1978 Allan Bakke white had twice applied for admission but was rejected both times The school had reserved 16 places out of 100 for minority applicants Bakke s qualifications were better than all the minority students who were admitted There were 6 opinions but no opinion commanded a majority Struck down the schools rigid use of race As a plus factor race is okay but as the ONLY factor it is not Engel v Vitale 1962 The Board of Regents of New York Statee recommended that all public schools participate with classroom pray involving a nondenominational prayer Supreme Court ruled that any type of prater in a public school violated the principle of Separation of Church and State Mapp v Ohio Extended the Exclusionary rule to states Griswold v Connecticut 1965 Court struck down law that made use of birth control a crime Gideon v Wainwright 1963 Miranda v Arizona 1966 Extended the right to counsel to that of the states All governments have a duty to inform suspects of the full measure of their constitutional rights
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