Cardiac muscle cells:Cannot undergo tetanic contractionReceptors for acetylcholine are located on the:Motor end platesAt rest, active sites on the actin are blocked by:Trepomyosin moleculesThe structure that overlies the organ of corti is the:Tectorial membraneThe axons of neurons that innervate regions of smooth muscle cells divide into branches that contain swollen regions called:VaricositiesAdrenergic synapses release the neurotransmitter:NorepinephrineSkeletal muscle fibers differ form “typical cells” in that muscle fibers:Have many nucleiEach skeletal muscle fiver is controlled by a motorneuron at a single:Neuromuscular junctionPerception of gravity and linear acceleration depends on:The force exerted by otoliths embedded in gelatinous material on hair cells The rapid rise and fall in force produced by a muscle fiber after a single action potential is:A twitchCross-bridges are portions of:Myosin moleculesThe pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is:LH (luteinizing hormone)Which of the following description best matches the term stereocilia?Bending these produces receptor potential in hair cellsAt rest, the tropomyosin molecule is held in place by:Troponin moleculesThe ______ nervous system controls the skeletal musclesSomatic efferent Neurons of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus manufacture:ADH and oxytocinThe pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes is:FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)When an external force bends the sterocilia of the inner ear hair cells,There is a change in the transmembrane potential of the hair cellsCardiac muscle cells can transmit action potentialsto one another because:Gap junctions connect the cellsPeptide hormones are:Composed of chains of amino acidsThe hypothalamus controls secretion by the adenohypophysts by:Secreting, releasing, and inhibiting factors into a tiny portal systemInteractions between actin and myosin filaments of the sarcomere are responsible for:Muscle contractionThe plasma membrane of skeletal muscle is called the:SarcolemmaA hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion content of the body is:AldosteroneHormones known as “catecholamines” are:Derivatives of the amino acid tyrosineWhich of the following best describes the term sarcomere?Repeating unit of striated myofibrilsThe _________ provides the principle link between the nervous and endocrine systems.HypothalamusThe posterior pituitary gland secretes:ADHGravity and linear acceleration are sensed in the:Saccule and utricleMovement of the endolymph in the semicircular canals:Signals rotational movements of the headSteroid hormones:Bind to receptors in the nucleus or cytoplasm of their target cellsThe parathyroid gland produce a hormone that:Increases the level of calcium ions in the blood________ is the measurement of the height of a sound wave and determines its loudness, whereas _____ is the cycle per second and determines the sound wave’s pitchAmplitude; frequencyWhich of the following is NOT an effect of cortisol?Induce inflammationWhen skeletal muscle is repeatedly stimulated thetension the fiber develops eventually decreases. This is called:Muscle fatigueAfter a steroid hormone binds to its receptor to form an active complex,Gene transcription is initiatedThe frequency of perceived sound depends on:Which part of the basilar membrane is stimulatedHormone release may be controlled by which of the following factors?There are too few receptors for a hormoneThe receptor cells used in the inner ear are called:Hair cellsThe release of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland are regulated by:Hypophysiotropic hormonesWhat is the primary hormone that affects calcium balance?Parathyroid hormoneThe sense of equilibrium and hearing are providedby receptors of theInner earThe predominant female sex hormone is:EstradiolThe condition called “goiter” is caused by:Iodine deficiencyWhich of the following acts as an ATPase during the contraction cycle of muscle?Head portion of myosin moleculeWhich of the following hormones is not secreted by the adrenal cortex?EpinephrineDuring the cross-bridge cycle, the “power stroke” is generated specifically by:ATP hydrolysisEfferent motor neurons synapse with smooth muscle cells at motor end platesFalseWhich of the following is NOT a characteristic of fast-glycolytic skeletal muscle fibers?High fatigue resistanceAn increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ of arteriolar smooth muscle results in vasodilation.FalseIn resting skeletal muscle, strands of the protein ___ are coiled around actin.TropomyosinIn smooth muscle, the enzyme that phosphorylates myosin, thus activating the myosin ATPase, is called ______Myosin light-chain kinaseMyosin ATPase is located on the light chains that form part of the myosin “head” structure:TrueA given skeletal muscle may be innervated by one motor neuron.TrueIn skeletal muscle, the myosin head is said to be “energized” when:The myosin light chains are phosphorylatedFollowing a single action potential in skeletal muscle, enough Ca2+ is usually released to saturate troponin.TrueWhich of the following is NOT a difference between the length-tension relationships of skeletal muscle and urinary bladder smooth muscle?The optimal muscle length of urinary bladder smooth muscle is approximately equal to its length at rest, while the optimal length of skeletal muscle occurs at some length greater than its resting lengthDuring excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle, which of the following correctly indicates the order in which action potentials are propagated?Plasma membrane; lateral sacs; transverse tubulesWhich of the following types of muscle is striated in appearance?Cardiac and SkeletalWhich contraction type below describes a skeletal muscle contraction in which the tension generatedby the muscle is less than that of a supported load?IsometricIn ____ smooth muscle, the cells function as independent units and generally are not connected by gap junctions:Multi-unitThe effect of epinephrine on the B-adrenergic receptors of arteriolar smooth muscle is vasoconstrictionFalseThe plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell is also referred to as the _________SarcolemmaNorepinephrine is released by _______ nerves of thesympathetic autonomic nervous system that innervated the heartAcceleratorCa2+ release from the lateral sac of the sarcoplasmic reticulum occurs via