Dr. Todd FarmerieTodd Farmerie Clinical Assistant Professor School of Molecular Biosciences 321 Biotechnology/Life Sciences (BLS)Biology 107: Cell Biology and Genetics Four parts: Cellular Chemistry & Cell Biology Energetics & Cell Division Genetics and Molecular Genetics Gene Regulation, Biotechnology & GenomicsLecture: Text: Campbell Biology, 10th Edition 4 Exams Lecture Activities (Note: No Mastering Biology) Lab: Lab book: Introductory Biology: Cell Biology & Genetics Weekly quizzes Presentation Lab reports Homework ProfessionalismFigure 1.3 Hierarchies of OrganizationOrganisms interact with each other and their environment Figure 1.10Figure 1.9 Life involves transfer and transformation of energyFigure 1.UNO1 Structure and function are correlatedFigure 1.11 Biological systems are regulated by feedbackFigure 1.4, 1.5 Cells are the basic unit of lifeFigure 1.13 There are fundamental divisions in the biological worldFigure 1.20 Life has evolved in hierarchies sharing common descentFigure 1.14 Organisms on these distantly-related branches share common structures and biochemical mechanismsFigure 1.7, 1.8 DNA stores the instructions for life On a molecular level, it directs the sequence of proteinsFigure 1.6, 1.8 DNA stores the instructions for life This in turn drives cellular differentiation and developmentWikimedia Commons File:Periodic table (polyatomic).svg Figure 2.15, 2.16 Biological molecules have distinct characteristics based on the chemistry of their constituent atomsFigure 2.15 δ+ δ+ δ- The arrangement of electrons in the constituent atoms can effect the shape and charge distribution of molecules Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen Oxygen-containing molecules are non-linear Oxygen has a partial negative charge, while associated hydrogens have a partial positive charge Induce polarity Carbon atoms are non-polarFigure 3.1Figure 3.2 Water forms hydrogen bonds This results in emergent properties critical to life Polarity of Water• Hydrogen bonds hold water molecules together, and attract water to other charged or polar molecules • Properties: adhesion surface tension Figure 3.3, 3.4 Water is cohesiveHigh specific heat (amount of heat necessary to change temperature of 1 g of a liquid by 1oC) • Water resists changes in temperature • This is due to the breaking and formation of hydrogen bonds Evaporative cooling • High heat of vaporization (amount of heat necessary for 1 g of a liquid to become gas) • Evaporation cools surfaces - molecules with highest energy escape, leaving lower energy behind Figure 3.5 Water moderates temperatureFigure 3.6 Water expands upon freezing Ice floats creating an insulating surface Molecules spread farther apart Molecules closer togetherFigure 3.7, 3.8 Water is a versatile solvent • High dielectric constant – ability to keep opposite charges apart Forms hydration shell around ions and polar molecules, such as large biomolecules• Water is cohesive • Water moderates temperature • Water expands upon freezing • Water is a versatile solvent Polarity of
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