READING GUIDE - EMOTIONS AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTSTEXT Interactionist Approaches to the Study of Emotion 1.What five assumptions reflect an interactionist approach to emotions?Emotions originate in and arise out of our participation in social life.The emotions we feel as a consequence of our action and interactions are embodiedEmotions are self-feelings and have implications for the self.Emotions involve the self, they are identified, shaped, and expressed with social definitions and expectations provided by the groups to which we belong.Develop the ability proactively to shape and control our bodily sensations and emotional experiences.2.What is the four factor model of emotion? Physiological arousal, the label one gives the arousal, expression, and meaning; each must be aligned. 3.What does it mean to say that some emotions are role-taking emotions? Experienced by taking the role.What are some examples? Shame, embarrassment, guilt, pride, empathy and sympathy. How are they linked to social control? They lead to self control. 4.What is emotional culture? The collection of feeling rules that govern our experience and expression of emotion. How is it gendered? Women are held to a higher emotional standard than men.6 How do people learn it and what does emotional capital have to do with it? By the social roles that they take; This prepares people for the emotional demands of their social role which helps manage social stratification.5.What is emotion work and emotional labor? Emotion Work- a form of emotional management that occurs in the private setting; like emotional labor which occurs in the workplace and has a monetary value, benefit flows to the employer and not the person.6 What is the different between preparatory, in situ, and retrospective emotion work? Preparatory- occurs prior to a public and typically emotional-inducing performance.In situ- occurs during public performances(front stage)Retrospective- occurs following public performances; involves creating a narrative around one’s successes and failures so to manage future negative feelings about future performances. Smith, Allen and Sherryl Kleinman. 1989. “Managing Emotions in Medical School: Students’ Contacts with the Living and the Dead.” Social Psychology Quarterly, 52:56-69. 1. What research methods did Smith and Kleinman use? Participation Observation2. What is professional socialization? Professional Socialization- development of appropriately controlled affect. 3. Emotional socialization? Emotional socialization- involves desensitizing strategies in order to assert control over the situation. 4. What kinds of emotional problems did students face? They have problems with being professional and not getting to personal. 5. What were students’ five strategies of emotion management? Transforming the contactAccentuating the PositiveUsing the PatientLaughing about itAvoiding the contact 6. What consequences did the students’ emotion management have on their home life? Students begin to see their spouses’ and families’ bodies as neutral and not personal. This creates problems with intimacy.Cahill, Spencer and Robin Eggleston. 1994. “Managing Emotions in Public.” Social Psychology Quarterly 57:300-312. 1. concepts: interpersonal emotion management (work) – perpetuating the impression of social engagement. , incivil attentions- , open person, non-person status2. How did Cahill and Eggleston collect their data? Interviews3. Why do wheel chair users often feel embarrassed or angry? Because people treat them like children or like they are dumb.4. What kinds of emotional dilemmas do wheelchair face and how do they handle or manage them? Embarrassing anger; they try to keep a sense of humor.5. In what ways is the interaction between walkers and wheel chair users micropolitical or hierarchal? Walkers believe that because they are more independent they are smarter or better. 6. How does the study contribute to our understanding of emotion work? It helps us understand that peopleof all types and in all situations use emotional work.TEXT Collective Behavior and Social Movements1. What is collective behavior and emergent norm theory?Collective behavior- spontaneous social action, often in contrast to social norms, taken by a large number of people who have gathered to work out a joint response to an ambiguous situation.Emergent Norm theory- a perspective that sees a crowd as a diverse and heterogeneous group of people who, in the face of ambiguous stimuli or circumstances , develop a group norm that establishes a framework for action and provides a sense of uniformity. 2. What are riots and rumors and how may they be related?Riots- collective behavior in which a large number of people assemble for the purpose of protesting a grievance and from which a violent disturbance may emerge. Rumors- a piece of information that is neither substantiated or refuted and is driven by a search for meaning, clarification, and closure. These two are related by the common thread of people, riots may start from a rumor and is used as a toolto find the truth.3. What are social movements? In what ways can social movements or social movement organizations differ? Refer to bottom4. How do they emerge and why do people join them? From disagreements not heard; because they believethat it is a good cause that may or may not affect their lives.5. How does strain theory and resource mobilization theory differ in their explanations? • Strain theory believes there is a Gap between expectations and what people are likely to receive and resource theory is groups of dedicated folks need to acquire and use resources to create a movement.6. How are people recruited? Social networks, bloc recruitment, frame alignment.7. What is a collection action frame and related framing concepts (frame alignment; injustice framework; frame resonance)? Collection action frame- action orientated sets of beliefs and meanings that not only explain and justify but also inspire special movement activities and campaigns; frame alignment- the process through which movements align their ideology with the attitudes of the potential recruits, the public, members of the established order, or other movement groups. Injustice framework- actions pf administration that continue to result from injustice. Frame Resonance- deep condition between the movement’s frame of meaning and the experience, emotions, and cognitions of its and members and/or