2373 Final Study Guide Sp 14 Chapter 13 Accessories Book and class notes DVD Schmatta current state of the apparel industry in New Yorl Fashion Accessories Categories Footwear Hosiery and legwear Handbags Gloves Hats and headwear Neckwear Eyewear Jewelry Scarves Cross merchandising Categories of footwear Casual shoes Sandals Athletic footwear Dress shoes and Boots Work shoes and boots Western casual boots Hiking hunting and fishing boots Merchandising and Marketing Strategy used by apparel companies and retailers to combine apparel and accessories in their product offerings Footwear The major U S market center for shoes is located in NYC The Fashion Footwear Association of NY FFANY o Stages the international footwear trade show NY Shoe Expo three times a year Brand designer names are important in the footwear industry o Manufacturers advertise aggressively in national fashion magazines and on national TV Large shoe manufacturers operate their own retail chain stores and stock related accessories such as handbags and hosiery ex Nine West Operate business through leased department in retail stores o Women s shoe departments are the most commonly leased among others Catalog retailing is growing in men s shoe industry The tremendous consumer demand for athletic shoes leads to create a separate department for athletic shoes Handbags Handbag manufacturers advertise their products in newspapers magazines and TV Overseas manufacturing is growing in handbag industry Catalogs home shopping networks and the Internet are increasing way to sell handbags The National Fashion Accessories Association NFAA promotes the domestic handbag industry Shoe Trends Clothing designers designing shoes Tremendous growth of overseas manufacturing o 98 of shoes are manufactured overseas Strong relationship between shoes and the clothes with which they are worn o Apparel fashions influence more and more both the styling and color of footwear Retailers coordinating shoes and apparel Hosiery flatknit vs full fashioned Stocking blanks material was knit flat or latknit and a seam sewn down the center back A full fashioned technique provided shaping to conform to the foot The first factory in the US was in the late 1860 s Hosiery history of development Produce men s women s children s socks stockings pantyhose and tights Long and notable history in the US Stocking knitting machines in New England as early as 1775 For centuries were hand knit shapes created by adding and deleting stitches No seams Framework knitting machines were invented in England at the end of the 16th century Circular knitting machines in the 19th century provided seamless except to close the toe stockings Early seamless stockings did not fit as well so when fashions shortened in the 1920 s flappers seamed stockings were preferred Increase in full fashion production from 26 in 919 to 60 in 1929 to more than 80 in the 1950s 1938 DuPont s nylon fiber introduced at the world s fair WWII influence o Pantyhose developed during the short hemlines of the 1960 s 1980 s started blending spandex and nylon Blocking Handbags Nylon can be heat set so the foot and leg shape can be molded over a leg shaped board Blocking or boarding is this process Handbags are the best selling classification within the accessories industry When first introduced handbags were nondescript utilitarian items Today s handbags are designed to send specific statements about the owner The handbag industry is small Millinery Like many other domestic fashion industries the handbag manufacturing industry continues to shrink while imports from Europe South America and the Far East increase While a few domestic names remain important i e Coach the majority of fashion initiative and status rests with European firms such as o Chanel prada Gucci hermes Louis Vuitton Backpacks have gained favor with men who don t have room for everything they have to carry in pockets or briefcases They remain popular with boys and girls from kindergarten through college as a school bookbag o L L Bean Land s End Jansport Smaller leather backpacks or Prada s nylon backpack become trendy handbag style among women Hats have become a must have item for hip hop wear Like gloves hats have a long history in society Initially protective and a derivative of the medieval helmet they protected man from blows to the head sunlight and close scrutiny through the 19th and early 20th century The late 20th century saw them evolve to status symbols Americans who wanted to distinguish themselves from immigrant peasants took care to wear hats Women s hat industry is called as the millinery industry Hat industry suffered terrific losses during the 60 s and 70 s due to the casual dress approach and elaborate women s hairstyles During that time the National Millinery Institute researched publicized and campaigned in a vast unsuccessful effort to reverse the trend No amount of sales promotion can change the direction of a fashion movement However they have staged a comeback Some reasons stand out o Fierce winters in the late 1990s o Designers like Karl Lagerfeld and Ralph Lauren constantly featuring flamboyant hats in their runway shows o Awareness of the harmful effects of sun exposure o Baseball caps are requirements for young men and are seen increasingly on fashionable young women The center of the women s hat industry is in NYC Eyewear trends In combination with the move to protect eyes from UV rays increased fashion presence and marketing has created a 2 7 billion sunglass industry Prescriptive eyeglasses are another important segment o Fashionable styles are available at different price points o Eyeglasses are moving from the functional to the fashionable Jewelry categories o Licensing for eyewear with globally recognized brands such as Coach Calvin Klein Dior is an important part of the industry The market for designer sunglasses has exploded Designers have capitalized on the movement creating frames for glasses Fine the high end precious segment It is often leased in department stores o Only precise metals such as gold and platinum are used to make fine jewelry o The stones used in fine jewelry are called gemstones which always come from natural mineral formations Among the ones called most precious are diamonds emeralds rubies and sapphires o Fine jewelry production is still a handcraft industry o Established fine jewelry houses design produce and do retail sales under one roof o Famous names of these houses are Tiffany