Fall 2013 1 Learning Chapter 5 PSY 100 I What is learning II Four ways I the modification of behavior through practice training and experience I classical conditioning II operant conditioning III insight learning IV latent learning 5 Observational learning II Classical Conditioning I Founder II Definition a stimulus originally neutral elicits the same or similar response to one originally elicited by another stimulus III Basics I unconditioned stimulus II unconditioned response III conditioned stimulus IV conditioned response III The process of conditioning II food u s IV drool u r Fall 2013 2 VI neutral stimulus unconditioned stimulus unconditioned V bell food response VII VIII IV Stimulus Strengthening Characteristics III frwquency of pairing c r Will be IX timing I more often the c s Paired with u s The stronger more reliable the II the strongest cr s occur when c s presented first and remains throughout presentation of u s X intensity of u s III stronger u s leads to faster conditioning V Classical Conditioning phases IV Acquisition XI Extinction I the act or profess of achieving the mastery of something II the act or condition of loosing something learned XII Spontaneous Recovery III after extinction acquisition of something learned is tried and we see 1 2 acquisition goes up Fall 2013 3 XIII Renewal Effect IV if response is extinguished in a different environment than it was acquired the extinguished response will reappear if person is returned to original environment VI Stimulus Properties V Generalization I patient notices no differences between two stimulus XIV Discrimination II can distinguish between stimulus VII Higher Order Conditioning VI conditioned stimulus functions as an u s VIII Taste Aversion VII eat food get sick wont eat that food again IX Applications of Classical Conditioning VIII fear response I conditioned emotional reaction I phobias XV positive emotions XVI drug craving II odors music associated with pleasant emotions III cravigs may be elicited by cues from the environment Fall 2013 4 XVII Definition form of learning with voluntary responses come to be X Operant Conditioning IX Founder b f Skinner controlled XVIII Basics I all matter of consequences I reinforcement II punishment XI Skinner Box III box with electric floor XII Cumulative Recorder XIII Processes in Operant Conditioning V Acquisition II initial learning stages II behaviorincreases due to reinforcement XIX Shaping III reward for good behavior XX Extinction IV no more rewards lost of behavior XXI Generalization V cant tell difference IV records resposes the steeper the slope the faster the response Fall 2013 5 XXII Discrimination VI tell difference XIV Reinforcers VI primary II satisfy biological needs XXIII secondary III paired with primary XXIV continuous XXV intermid I Sometimes enforce XV Schedules of Reinforcement VII fix ration IV do behavior reinforced every time II certain specific number of responses III number of things to do in order to get reward III dont know how many times to respond in order to get rewards XXVI variable ratio IV gambling XXVII fixed interval IV set time V every two weeks get a paycheck VI patient doesnt usually respond until the last minute XXVIII variable interval Fall 2013 6 V amount of time between reinforcement changes VIII lowest quiz grade dropped if you have perfect attendance VII pop quizzes XVI Reinforcement and Punishment VIII positive reinforcement II get reward for behavior XXIX negative punishment III get punished for behavior IX break curfew get extra chores XXX positive punishment IV get something for bad behavior X fail quiz more homework XXXI negative reinforcement V take away stuff XI XVII Insight Learning IX Founder tolman and hazcik XXXII Definition XXXIII Basics II XXXIV Example III rats in maze dont memorize path unless they are rewarded Fall 2013 7 XVIII Operant Conditioning X Founder albert bendura XXXV Definition observe something than do it yourself XXXVI Basics II pay attention XII retain the info XIII be able to reproduce it XIV motivation XXXVII Example III XIX Advice to future parents