12 14 13 Chapter B Notes Using Technology to Manage Information The Role of Information Technology Data processing name for business technology in the 1970s included technology that supported an existing business and was primarily used to improve the flow of financial information Information systems technology that helps companies do business includes such as tools as ATMs and voice mail Information technology technology that helps companies change business by allowing them to use new methods o Technology is breaking down corporate barriers allowing departments to share critical information instantly o Technology shrinks cycle time reduces defects and cuts waste o Technology eliminates layers of management and cuts the number of employees o Information technology cuts development cycles by feeding customer and marketing comments to product development teams o Customer service representatives can solve customers problems instantly using company databases o Online businesses can attract customers they wouldn t have had access to Business intelligence any of a variety of software applications that analyze an organization s raw data and take out useful insights from it o Helps business people focus on what is important Types of Information Business process information Physical world observations Biological data Public data Data that indicate personal preferences or intentions Usefulness of management information depends on o Quality accurate and reliable o Completeness must be enough info to make a decision o Timeliness information must reach managers quickly o Relevance different managers have different information needs Organizing e mail and electronic files o Use your emails programs organizing tools o Use consistent file names o Use online backup services o Use desktop search software Data warehouse stores data on a single subject over a specific period Data mining technique for looking for hidden patterns and previously unknown relationships among the data The Heart of Knowledge Management The Internet Intranet a companywide network closed to public access that uses Internet type technology Extranet a semiprivate network that uses internet technology and allows more than one company to access the same information or allows people on different servers to collaborate Virtual private network a private data network that creates secure connections or tunnels over regular Internet lines Broadband technology technology that offers users a continuous connection to the Internet and allows them to send and receive mammoth files that include voice video and data much faster than even before Internet2 the private Internet system that links government supercomputer centers and a select group of universities it runs more than 22 000 times faster than todays public infrastructure and supports heavy duty applications Social media allows businesses the ability to collaborate with consumers Web 2 0 the set of tools that allow people to build social and business connections share information and collaborate on projects online Web 3 0 combination of technologies that adds intelligence and changes how people interact with the Web and vice versa Semantic web refers to powerful intelligent decision making application Mobile web allows users to use the Web as they move from one device to another and one location to another Immersive Internet includes virtual worlds augmented reality and 3D environments The Enabling Technology Hardware Mobile devices use wireless fidelity Wi Fi Computer networks o Network computing system computer systems that allow personal computers to obtain needed information from huge databases in a central computer Virtualization a process that allows networked computers to run multiple operating systems and programs through one central computer at the same time Cloud computing a form of virtualization in which a company s data and applications are stored at offsite data centers that are accessed over the Internet o Private clouds public clouds and hybrid clouds o Reduces software costs o Improved security o Capacity o Equipment o Access Software Shareware software that is copyrighted but distributed to potential customers free of charge Public domain software software that is free for the taking Effects of Information Technology on Management Human resource issues Security issues o Virus a piece of programming code inserted into other programming to cause some unexpected and for the victim usually undesirable event o Phishing a scammer will embellish an email message with a stolen logo for a well recognized brand that makes the message look authentic When they click on the link they are sent to a phony website that takes their personal information and uses it to commit fraud o Cyber terrorism terrorist hackers could shut down the entire communications money supply electricity and transportation systems Privacy issues o Cookies pieces of information such as registration data or user preferences sent by a website over the Internet to a web browser that the browser software is expected to save and send back to the server whenever the user returns to the website Stability issues combination of computer and human error
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