Chapter 13 The Developed Countries of the Global North Grouping the States in the Contemporary North Goal Prosperity Mixed Economy Often grouped by Economic development GDP PPP purchasing power per capita and Social development knowledge urban lifestyle health and communications The Developed Countries of the Global North Also called Developed Countries Global North First World and Postindustrial Tend to exist in the north are highly secular and have high social and economic Countries rankings The Developing Countries of the Global South Known as developing countries global south and the third world The transitional developed countries Are either PCDCs postcommunist developd countries Trying to shift from command to market economy NICs newly industrializing countries Rapidly growing export centered economies Malaysia S Korea Thailand and Latin America Considerable private ownership and control of productive resources There are a few variations Social Market Systems The state encourages an extensive free market economy but is also committed to social welfare distribution and economic regulation Include Belgium France Italy etc Market Economies Developed countries in which economic activity is in the private sector and the government as a limited role in regulatory and redistributive policies Include Australia Canada Switzerland US Japan Privatization The selling off of state owned firms and contracts with private firms to produce public goods and services Performance Measured in GDP best when adjusted for PPP HDI Human development index Reflects quality of life 78 is high 67 is medium 48 is low Challenges to Prosperity Erratic Economic Growth countries don t do as well The Competitive Globalized Economic System As globalization increases so does competition The European Union EU and others 4 annual growth is considered solid There are times of recession where they A large challenge of the developed countries is sorting out issues each other Competition has become intense straining relations in places like the EU The Distribution of Prosperity Extensive public spending with low economic growth can result in challenges for the people Persistent inequality is a huge issue in market economies as well and can create an underclass Goal Stability Liberal democracies Extensive political and liberal rights are given to their citizens Often reflected in scores from Freedom House Political power is distributed among people Often low levels of corruption Political Institutionalization Substantial capabilities values and stability support political structures and processes There is always evolving political inclusion Order Maintenance Can be interpreted as the absence of disorder This includes political violence and social disorders such as white collar crime organized crime The developed maintain relatively high levels of political order Challenges to Stability Value conflicts and disputes Active disagreements over politics and values can produce instability Two hot topic areas are political economy and state regulation of individual behavior Multiculturalism and immigration Desire for regional autonomy has caused some issues in places like Quebec The main source is often due to immigration however and include cultural clashes Political polarization as politics becomes a battleground between large mobilized groups with conflicting and deeply held values the centrist policies are only weakly supported Domination and control Question of if most of the control is created and maintained by coercion rather than consensus Through political socialization limited welfare distribution and restraints on public life Goal Security The Era of Colonialism The Cold War Period Many countries furthered security coals through colonialism Cold War The international struggle between the US and Soviet Union As a result they maintained military power including nuclear weapons and the application of resources to influence actions of developing countries both countries tried to assert their power The Post Cold War Period Now 6 of the highest spenders on military consist of those in the global north Groups like NATO help to emphasize collective security Challenges to Security Disorder in the Rest of the World Complex patterns of disorder persist in some areas such as middle each and parts of Africa The North must weigh benefits of stabilizing the distant parties to prevent security issues at home While most terror is in the Global South the North also faces a threat from Globalization of Terrorism terrorism Proliferation of Weapons Heavy armaments by the US and Russia have been reduced in the post cold war era START II However overall the world is becoming more militarized including to individual actors Competition for markets and resources Global economic competition for markets and resources has increased conflict Newly industrializing and developing countries are also butting in The Developed countries overall Have highest levels of success Most developed economic systems Met security goals with strong survival in influences Maintain fairly open and stable politics Some may still live in poverty Current challenges include security threats and economic turbulence