Unformatted text preview:

Agriculture in Europe and Paleoethnobotany Agriculture in Europe Spread from Middle East to Europe o No indigenous plants cultivated Dramatic reorganization of local societies 8 500 ya Southeastern Europe 7 500 ya Central and Western Europe 6 000 ya the rest of Western Europe How did it Spead to Europe Language Dispersal hypothesis o Only formal hypothesis o Farming package introduced by Indo European speakers Romance Slavic and Baltic languages o Hunter gatherers were completely replaced by farmers Hunter gatherers were passive compared to agriculturalists Agriculture resulted from the interactions between migrating people and local communities pre disposed to domestication o More widely accepted because of more evidence for less passive than with language dispersal states Pre agricultural Europe Mesolithic cultures 11 000 ya o Manipulating environment Offshore fishing Burning the landscape More resources plants and animals o Lepenski Vir Siberia 7 400 7 600 ya overlap with farmers Fishing and hunting deer Large structures Mesolithic Cultures Complex societies o Not passive cultures No need to farm o No population increase or food shortage o But 6 000 ya selective domestication Why switch o Reflection of changing social organization Adoption of Agriculture Linear Band Keramik LBK o First farming cultures in Europe o 7 200 ya o Farmed Middle Eastern plants and animals o Long houses made of timber Largest buildings in Europe LBK culture spread o Uniform through Central and Western Europe o Rapid spread o Interconnections between local populations and migrating ones Trade with Mesolithic cultures LBK Culture Violence o Talheim Germany Mass burial o Otzi the iceman Blunt force and projectile trauma Found in 1991 on Austrian Italian boarder Lived 5 000 ya Clothing tools medicinal plants canteen birch bark tattoos Arrowhead in his left shoulder and cut on his hands Might have been escaping a village attack Paleoethnobotany Studying past cultures through analysis of their interaction with plants Based on preservation o Best for preservation Dry climates Waterlogged conditions bogs Absence of oxygen Methods Macro botanicals o Not usually preserves Unless burned o Bound within soil Floatation Botanicals float soil sinks Analysis Identify seed species Wild vs domesticated o Seed and rachis size Distribution of number and type of seeds o Spatial organization of activities Food storage food preparation


View Full Document

OSU ANTHROP 2201 - Agriculture in Europe and Paleoethnobotany

Download Agriculture in Europe and Paleoethnobotany
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Agriculture in Europe and Paleoethnobotany and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Agriculture in Europe and Paleoethnobotany and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?