Obesity  body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higherBody Mass Index (BMI)  a measure of an adult’s weight in relation to his/her height specifically the adult’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of his/her height in metersState-Specific prevalence of obesity among US adults, by race/ethnicity, 2006-081985: A lot of the states had “no data” but in 1985, not a lot of people cared about obesityGA was already at 10-15% (highest bracket)1995: Ten years later, everyone is on board with obesity.Technological items that may have contributed to this rise in obesity = internet & video games2000: GA falls into 20%+ categoryColorado is holding on to 10-14% (only state) while everyone else is higherThe % of US adults who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25) = 65%Why do we care?Obese people cost the government more $Diseases & conditions caused or complicated by obesityHypertension—high blood pressureType 2 DiabetesCoronary heart diseaseStrokeGallbladder diseaseOsteoarthritisSleep apnea and respiratory problemsSome cancers (endometrial, breast, and colon)Child ObesityIn just two decades, the prevalence of overweight DOUBLED for US children ages 6 to 11 and TRIPLED for American teenagersObesity & CollegeIn a study funded by the FCS college researchers discovered that UGA students are willing to grade overweight students’ papers/presentations lower just because they are overweight (Moorman & Wicks-Smith)Why should you as a young consumer care about conditions caused by the country being overweight?Nearly 17% of the US medical costs can be blamed on obesity, according to new research (Washington Post)The new research was done by John Cawley of Cornell University & Chad Meyerhoefer of Lehigh UniversityObesity related medical costs are around $168 billion annually, according to an expertOverall, people who are obese spend $2,800 per year more for medical care than did normal weight peopleMany of these “obesity dollars” are being spent through the Medicare and Medicaid programsPrograms that are funded by TAX dollarsOne school’s solutionPhiladelphia – A Pennsylvania university’s requirement that overweight undergraduates take a fitness course to receive their degrees has raised the hackles of students and the eyebrows of health and legal experts“we know we’re in the midst of an obesity epidemic” said James L. Deboy, chairman of Lincoln’s department of health, physical education and recreation. “We have an obligation to address this head on, knowing full well there’s going to be some fallout”The FalloutThe requirement was removed, the class became optional for all studentsUniversities expect healthy eating/life style content to be delivered in multiple formats in multiple coursesMy PyramidBased on 2005 Dietary Guidelines for AmericansBottom Line:Whole grains, fruits & veggies, lean meats, low fat/nonfat dairy, moderation, variety & physical activityVitamin AThe vitamin plays a really big part in eyesight.It’s great for night vision, like when you’re trick-or-treating on HalloweenHelps you see in colorHelps you grow properly & aids in healthy skinCollard greens, papayas, bananas, boc choyVitamin BImportant in metabolic activityHelps make energy and set it free when your body needs itPasta, nuts, breadsVitamin CImportant for keeping body tissues (gums & muscles) in good shapeKey if you get a cut or wound because it helps you healHelps your body resist infectionLimes, lemons, orangesVitamin DStrong bonesStrong teethHelps your body absorb the amount of calcium it needsEggs, turkey, salmon, sunVitamin EMaintains a lot of your body’s tissues (eyes, skin and liver)Protects your lungs from becoming damaged by polluted airImportant for the formation of red blood cellsAlmonds, sunflower seeds, peanuts, olivesFood Groups  All foods belong in a group. Each type of food does something different for your bodyCarbohydratesGives you energyBody cells need energy for processes such as growth, repair and movementBread, rice, beans, milk, popcorn, potatoes, cookies, spaghetti, and cornFatsNeeded to make new cells:To keep our internal organs safeTo store energyTo make certain hormonesMeats, dairy products, milk, butter, cream, nuts, and vegetable oilsProteinsBuilding blocks of all cellsEssential for the healthy growth and repair of body cells & tissuesCannot be stored in the bodyAbout 80g per day is required dailyExcess protein is broken down in the liver and we get rid of it when we go to the toiletMilk, meat, eggs and cheese supply a lot of proteinGovernment Agencies that oversee our food supplyFDAAll domestic and imported food except meat and poultryBottled waterWine (<7% alcohol)CDCAll foodsFood borne diseasesTrains local and state food safety personnelUSDAAll domestic and imported meat and poultry including products containing these foods (frozen pizza)Processed egg productsCURRENT Sec. of Ag & oversees USDA  Thomas Vilsack (Iowa)EPADrinking waterNational Oceanic * Atmospheric AdministrationFish & seafoodSeafood inspection programBureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and FirearmsAlcoholic beverages (except wine)US CustomsImported foodOthers:Cooperative State Research, Education & Extension ServiceNational Agricultural Library (USDA, FDA food borne illness educational info)US Dept of JusticeFed Trade CommissionState & local governmentNew Regulations since 20022002—Public Health Security & Bioterrorism Preparedness Response Act2003—Trans fat labels2003—action plan for obesity (obesity in control by 2010)2003—Scientific criteria to ensure safe foodGround beef served here comes from Nebraska, gets into food chainThey also keep an eye on Krispy Kreme doughnuts (easy way to target a lot of people)2004—Food Allergy labeling and consumer protection2004—Anabolic Steroid Control Act2004—FDA bans dietary supplements with ephedrine alkaloidsIn a nutshellObesity and overweight prevalence is rapidly risingConsumers are more interested in preventing disease and being healthyDifficult for consumers to determine what is “healthy” and what is notSeveral different government agencies play various roles in food regulationThere are many new regulations related to food every yearConsumers are confused regarding safety of certain productsFunctional Food  continuing to rise in popularityFoods  products from plants or animal that can be taken into the body for energy and nutrients to sustain life and growthNutrition  science of foods and nutrients and their actions