5 Mood Disorders Suicide 19 02 2013 10 34 00 2 14 Overview Major depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide Depression accounts for 10 of all disability Emotion the state of arousal defined by subjective states of feeling o Sadness anger disgust Affect pattern of observable behaviors o Facial expression pitch of voice body movements Mood a pervasive and sustained emotional response that can color perception Chapter Outline Symptoms Diagnosis Course and Outcome Frequency Causes Treatment Suicide Overview Depression can refer to a mood or to a clinical syndrome a combination of emotional cognitive and behavioral symptoms Clinical depression depressed mood accompanied by other symptoms such as loss of energy loss of pleasure fatigue changes in sleep and appetite Mania flip side of depression o Disturbance of mood accompanied by euphoria grandiosity thinking of oneself as a god decreased need for sleep pressured speech Mood disorders are defined in terms of episodes discrete periods of time in which the person s behavior is dominated by either a depressed or manic mood Unipolar mood disorder experience of a depressive episode Bipolar mood disorders episodes of depression and mania Important Considerations in Distinguishing Clinical Depression from Normal Sadness The mood change is pervasive across situations and persistent over time The person s mood does not improve even temporarily when he or she engages in activities that are usually experienced as pleasant The mood change may occur in the absence of any precipitating events or it may be completely out of proportion to the person s circumstances The depressed mood is accompanied by impaired ability to function in usual social and occupational roles Even simple activities become overwhelmingly difficult The change in mood is accompanied by a cluster of additional signs and symptoms including cognitive somatic and behavioral features The nature of quality of the mood change may be different from that associated with normal sadness It may feel strange like being engulfed by a black cloud or sunk in a dark hole Symptoms Emotional Symptoms o Depressed or dysphoric mood o Euphoria o Irritability o Anxiety Cognitive Symptoms o Slowed thinking o Guild and worthlessness o Sped up thoughts o Grandiosity o Guilt o Suicidal thoughts
View Full Document
Unlocking...