REVIEW Social interaction groups and social stratification Social interaction ways in which people respond to one another Social structure a framework of society puts limit on behavior Elements of social structure Ascribed status one that we are born with Example gender Achieved status voluntary status Master status can sometimes change Social role behavior Role conflict expectations that ride from two or more statues Role Strain conflict demands that is attached to one status Social Groups Types of groups primary and secondary groups Out and in groups In groups belonging to a group members Out groups Not belonging Reference groups not a member groups that we use to evaluate own behavior Formal organizations or bureaucracies secondary groups groups designed to achieve to a particular goal in the most efficient way Weber s analysis of bureaucracy the ideal type list of corruptions in bureaucracy Characteristics of bureaucracies DHWIER divison hierarchy writer rules impersonality employment and regulations Social Control techniques and strategies for preventing deviant behavior Informal social control smiles glares Formal social control fines penalties and prison Agents of social control friends families govt peers Milgram Experiemnt obedience or conformity replication of Milgram experiment in 2009 obedience Obedience following authorities Conformity following peers innovation cheating ritualism going to class cause nothing else to do retreatism rebellion someone who rejects goal Asch experiment conformity Deviance behavior that violates the standards of conduct and expectations of group or society Theories of Deviance Biological theories cause of deviance within people genetic and predispositions Psychological theories cause of deviance in personality disorders social theories cause of deviance in social structure Merton s theory of deviance people accept or reject social goals and socially approve means it depends on their situation Cultural transmission how people learn to behave in different situations Differential association we learn deviant behaviors from other deviants Labelling theory all of us commit deviant behavior but some are labeled as deviants and others are not William Chamblis the roughnecks and the saints Conflict Theory differential justice law that protects the interest of rich and powerful Crime types of crime victimless crime white collar Crime Statistics Homicide rates in US Homicide rates in cross cultural perspective US has highest rate murder is inter racial crime Stratification and social mobility in the US Social inequality unequal access to wealth prestige and power Social stratification inquality that is transmitted Open stratification class upward mobility Closed stratification no upward mobility slavery Marx s definition of social class one dimension relationship to the means of production Bourgeoisie capitalist Proletariat workers False consciousness Class consciousness Max Weber more to class than wealth 3 deminesions wealth status power Is stratification universal and necessary Functionalist yes People must be motivated to fill the most important positions Conflict no The most highly paid and most prestigious jobs are not very often the most important jobs Lemskis viewpoint 5 classes Gilbert and Kahl 6 classes 1 of population
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