The State-The Nation State- provides for all the people within a certain physical territory- Has police, military, bureaucrats in charge of rule making, has a way to extract revenue from the people.No one else can use force unless the states say so. – sovereigntyThe state chooses the kind of government it wants. The state includes government and sovereignty as two different things. The sovereign can and sometimes does exist outside of the governmentState = government and sovereignty“That these united colonies are and of right to be free and independent states…”- speech after America’s independence from BritainThroughout history there have been many different kinds of states: feudal state, mercantile state, capitalist state, Social/democratic state, socialist state.Limits on State Power – (Grigsby page 66)Other statesNGOsNon–Governmental OrganizationsHold a lot of exchange and persuasive policiesVery persuasiveGeorge Sorrows – one of the biggest philanthropists around today – runs a lot of NGOsMNC’sMulti-National CorporationsGrowing powerSome have larger budgets than states themselvesInternational organizationsUnited Nations, World Bank, World Health CorporationThese organizations set policies that can limit what the states doThe Nation (Grigsby page 67)The people defined by history, culture, language, ethnicity and religion….Unifying threads; identity, oneness“we are a people, we come together as one”Nation-state: where state and nation conincideMultinational state: many nations within one state (former Yugoslavia)Nation w/0 a state (Roma a.k.a Gypsies)Nation exceed the state (Greater Hungary)In World War I, Hungary lost about 60 percent of its land so a lot of national Hungarians now live outside of the land itself, in the bordering areas.The Citizen-Rights and responsibilities associated with full membershipRights: Vote in Federal elections, serve on a jury, bring family members to the U.S. Obtain citizenship…9/14/10Defining Ideology:1) A system of ideasa. Based on world view; lends coherence to the political world; brings issues to life in coherent way2) Orientation towards actiona. Links how world is with how world ought to beb. Informs how we might respond to events; tells adherents how might act3) All Ideologies in support/attack various socio-political systemsa. Serves important propaganda function4 Functions of Ideology:1. Explanatory:- Explains political phenomena: How to understand the world: origins from the Greek “ide”; Platonic “forma”; Humean notion of an idea- Scientific study of ideas2. Evaluative:- Provides standards, guidelines for deciding what is right and wrong, good and bad. Establishes normative principles to guide actions and political practice3. Orientative:- Ho to place ourselves within it; Identity and belonging4. Programmatic- What is to be done and who is to do it? How to engage the systemTriadic RelationshipObstacleAgent GoalThe Triad:Any ideology identifies threee elements to the triad:A) Agent (Unit of analysis)B) Obstacles: Impedes agent from matching goalC) Goal: The ends; what it is hoping to achieveTerrel Carver: Origins of the term ”ideology”GVPT 100Koulish9/2/10What is Politics & Power?- Politicso Power – Legitimate use of power - - Authority- Government- Powero Forceo Persuasiono Manipulationo ExchangeWhat is Politics?- Robert Dahl – “Politics touches everything”- David Easton – “Politics involve change” o A world of flux, tensions, transitions, domestic & internationalo **Authoritative allocation of values Institutions of govt/distributing/goods, services, attitude- *****Harold Lasswell (Twentieth century political scientist, went insane but did a lot of writing during that time period) - **”Politics is deciding who gets what, when and how; a process of determining how power and resources are distributed in society without recourse to violence”. …Who is he talking aboutwhen he says who? He is talking about the participants in a life of politics. Start with president, congressman, lobbyists, senators, normal citizens. The “how” is talking about the participants in the political life and how they achieve what they want. The political process- Ellen Grigsby – “Politics is the recognition that our life is shared; Rules, expectations that govern our common life”…. We live in a political world which must have rulesPolitics is….- “Politics arranges out lives into some kind of social order” – in order to live, survive and have a culture, you must have politics- Politics manages power. To avoid violence, management of power must be legitimate (illegitimate: use of power leads to chaos/violence)o Once you have some political power, you must be controlled to use it in a legitimate way1- Legitimate use of power within a governmental setting is referred to as “authority”o Authority = legitimate use of power within a institutional settingo Authority is a power that attaches to ‘the office’ not the individualPolitics and Government- Government is the system or organization for exercising authority over a people – doesn’t matter what kind of government you have - Rules: directives that specify how resources will be distributed or what procedures govern collective activitieso The “how” (process) of who gets what, and how?- Institutions: Organizations in which government power is exercisedWhat is Power?- Latin term potere: ability to affect something elseo Notion of volition (will, desire, choice)- Ability to achieve objective/goals: attaining an objective is something someone willso Example of an interest group – Normal – interest group that supports medical marijuana – increasing power because they are accomplishing moreo Peter Bachrach – he takes it a step further- looking at decisions as a way of understanding power is interesting- when making decisions, there are already a lot of decisions that have been excluded. If you rly want to understand how power is used in our society you want to take a step back and examine the elites- the people who avoid public scrutiny and make all the decisions behind the scenes – who’s setting the agenda? – You want to look at those things that are not included in the agenda because they provide the answerso Steven Lukes- decisions are important but to really understand power in society, all you have to do is turn on the TV. Examine the media, advertising, consumer preferences. Cultural Hegemony – how