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cells must acquire many characteristics before they become 12 11 2012 cancerous o self sufficiency in growth signals o evading apoptosis o insensitivity to anti growth signals o sustained angiogenesis o limitless replicative potential o tissue invasion and metastasis How do we study cancer o Analyzing cancer patients in clinical trials o Examination of human tumors specimens o Studying human cancer derived cell lines o Molecular Genetic Analysis of Model Organisms Loss of heterozygosity genes Most inherited cancer mutations are in tumor suppressor Typically only a single mutant allele is inherited the second allele is lost thru LOH or a second mutation HOW DO WE TREAT CANCER Surgery radiation chemotherapy hormone therapy alternative therapy complementary therapy clinical trials bio therapy immunotherapy Types of antineoplastics Alkylating agents cause DNA damage Topoisomerase inhibitors arrest cell cycle damage DNA Antimetabolites prevent DNA synthesis arrest cell cyclee Antimitotics block microtubules arrest cell cycle Tyrosine kinase inhibitors block signaling arrest cell cycle


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OSU BIOLOGY 3401 - Lecture notes

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