Sedimentary Basins can be thought ass sags or hole in the uppermost part of the Earth s crust Because they are depressed they tend to fill up with material Materials are usual water and sediment two main ingredients for sedimentary rocks This interaction causes compaction and cementation Sediment are particles mineral grains rock fragments all transported by water wind ice and gravity COMPACTION AND CEMENTATION Lithification of sedimentary rock Basins are concave up Different types of natural resources are found here The Pacific Ocean is the largest marine basin that we have Bounded pretty much by all land masses The Mediterranean Sea is another example These all cumulate materials over time The Basin and Mountain Range Province of the South West of America You have a series of alternating highs and lows Salt Lake big basin Death Valley lowest point in N A The Ranges stream down material into the basin during rain Salt cumulates at the base on basin Basin and Range is fault controlled Ranges at tops are rounded due to erosion Basins are flat because of seditments Horst and Graben Tectonr setting Brittle Discontinuous Deformation Faults the landscaped that form HORST AND GRABEN high and low Defines break in rock layer NORMAL FAULT Normal Fault Break in rock layers that results in the uplift in the footwall block and down throw of the hanging wall block Division between two is called a FAULT PLANE and where they slide vertically Hanging wall is below each footwall FAULT SCARP is the part of the footwall exposed to the crust slanted Ductile Continuous Deformation Anticlines and Synclines Anticlines are peaks and Synclines are valleys DUCTILE CONTINUOUS DEFROMATION FOLDED Rift Basin Characterized by a half graben Instead of having a series of highs and lows you have a series of grabens This is called an En Echelon Half Graben Looks like steps Only one horst for each graben which is its own graben in comparison the next horst All separated by normal faults East African Example EVAPOPRITE Chemical sedimentary rock Rock salt in death valley Coal is an organic sedimentary rock