Exam 1 Review1 1C: Sets and Venn Diagrams1. Which of the following categorical propositions is best illustrated by the Venn Diagram?FlowersRoses(a) No owers are roses(b) Some roses are owers(c) All owers are roses(d) Some roses are not owers(e) All roses are owers2. A local pet shelter has 22 adult cats and dogs up for adoption. All of the cats and dogs areeither young adults (between 1 and 3 yrs old) or senior adults (older than 10). Completethe following two way table:Young Adults Senior Adults TotalCats 7Dogs 1 10Total 14Now, create two dierent Venn Diagrams that both properly illustrate the results fromthe table.3. Which of the following is a true statement?(a) The only categorical proposition that can be represented by a Venn Diagram is ofthe form "All S are P".(b) Two sets which are disjoint have exactly one element in common.(c) Two sets are dierent sets if they have the same elements written in a dierent order.(d) The set with no elements in it is called the empty set.(e) The categorical proposition "No S are P" can be represented by an overlapping VennDiagram.4. Which of the following represents the set of all odd numbers greater than 0 but less than30?(a){1, 3, 5, ...}(b){0, 1, 2, ..., 29, 30}(c){1, 3, 5, ..., 27, 29}(d){..., 15, 17, 19, ..., 29}(e){..., 25, 27, 29}2 1D: Analyzing Arguments1. Consider the following argument.P. All snakes are reptiles.P. Pythons (X) are not snakes.C. Pythons are not reptiles.(a) Is the argument valid? Clearly write "YES" or "NO" and draw a Venn Diagram tosupport your answer.2(b) Is the argument sound? Clearly write "YES" or "NO" and explain your answer.2. Evaluate the following argument. Assume that all of the premises are TRUE.P: Zucchini is green and it is a vegetable.P: Cabbage is green and it is a vegetable.C: A green grape is a vegetable.(a) The argument is a weak inductive argument.(b) The argument is valid, but not sound.(c) The argument is sound, but not valid.(d) The argument is both valid and sound.(e) The argument is neither valid nor sound.3. Which of the following arguments best ts the Venn Diagram below?HS students in SC Attended ClemsonX(a) P: Some high school students in SC go to Clemson.P: Landon went to high school in SC.C: Landon went to Clemson.(b) P: Some high school students in SC go to Clemson.P: Landon went to Clemson.C: Landon may or may not have gone to school in SC.(c) P: Some high school students in SC go to Clemson.P: Landon went to Clemson.C: Landon went to high school in SC.(d) P: Some high school students in SC go to Clemson.P: Landon did not go to high school in SC.C: Landon did not go to Clemson.34. Which of the following arguments MUST have a true conclusion?(a) Sound deductive argument(b) Valid deductive argument(c) Valid inductive argument(d) Strong inductive argument(e) There is not enough information to answer this question.3 2A/2B: Unit Analysis1. You've decided to plant a garden for fresh fruits and veggies in a plot that is 21 feet long,27 feet wide, and 2 feet deep. You plant the seeds and decide that the seeds need somefertilizer. The gardening store only sells fertilizer in cubic yards. One bag of fertilizercovers 27 cubic yards. How many bags should you buy for your garden? Show all workand round your answer UP to the nearest whole number.RECALL:Volume = length×width×depth2. The U.S. per capita consumption of beef decreased from 67.8 pounds per person in theyear 2000 to 55.4 pounds per person in 2016. Calculate the relative change in per capitabeef consumption. Round your answer to one decimal place, if necessary.(a)18.3%(b)12.4pounds(c)−12.4pounds(d)−18.3%(e)20%43. You can buy a single candy bar for$0.99at the register. You can buy a pack of 4 candybars for3.20euros, or you also have the option of buying 10 candy bars for15.70Canadiandollars. Which is the best deal (that is, the cheapest price per candy bar)?(a) The 4 pack of candy bars is the best deal.(b) The 10 pack of candy bars is the best deal.(c) The single candy bar is the best deal.(d) There is not enough information to answer this question4. Jack is taking a trip to visit his friend Wanda who lives 250 kilometers away. His car gets,on average, 23 miles per gallon. If gas costs$2.90per liter, how much will it cost him tomake the trip?54 3A: Percentages1. Suppose that Carlos bought a house for$180, 000, and Regina bought a house for$200, 000in the same year. After 3 years, Carlos' house has increased in value to$280, 000andRegina's to$240, 000. Round answers to two decimal places when applicable.(a) Did Carlos' or Regina's house increase more in terms of relative change? Supportyour answer.(b) Carlos' new house value is what percent of Regina's new house value?(c) Regina's new house value is what percent of Carlos' new house value?(d) Carlos' new house value is what percent more than Regina's new house value?(e) Regina's new house value is what percent less than Carlos' new house value?62. Mary has82%fewer books than Dan, and20%more books than Elise. If Elise has30books, how many books do Mary and Dan have?3. The annual interest rate in James' account increased from1.8%to2.2%. What is therelative change in the interest rate?(a)22.22%(b)18.18%(c)22.22%points(d)−18.18%points(e)0.4%points4. You go out to eat and pay a total of$50. If you left an18%tip, what was the originalcost of the bill? Ignore taxes.75 3BC: Dealing with UncertaintyNote: For addition and subtraction of measured numbers, round to the same dec-imal place as the LEAST PRECISE measurement. For multiplication and divi-sion, round to the same number of signicant gures as the measurement with theFEWEST SIG FIGS.1. Reggie is a softball coach and tries to guess the weight of the bucket of softballs to impressthe team. In the bucket, there are 14 softballs, so Reggie guesses that the bucket weighs125 ounces. One of the players nds online that the empty bucket weighs 31.116 ouncesand each softball weighs 6.5 ounces.(a) Calculate the absolute error in Reggie's guess. Round your nal answer to 2 decimalplaces.(b) When Reggie's daughter, Regina, picks him up from practice, the players ask her toguess the weight of the bucket of softballs. Regina guesses 120 ounces. Calculate theabsolute error in Regina's guess.(c) Whose guess is closer to the correct answer? Is this a measurement of accuracy orof precision? Support your answer.2. Perform the following operation, reporting your answer in scientic notation with thecorrect number of