1/9/14Ch.1 Online quiz Due By Next ThursdayChild Development: field devoted to understanding consistency and change from conception through adolescence. -part of developmental science field.-interdiscinplinaryPrenatal: conception to birth(most change). Infancy: birth to 2 years (language, motor skills, social attachments)Early Childhood: 2 to 6 years (kids come into their own, motor skills, imagination)middle childhood: 6 to 11 years (understand world, active schooling)Adolescence: 11 to 18 years (puberty, adult body, abstract thoughts, morality)***Emerging Adulthood: 18 to 26 years. Domains-Physical: body size, proportions, body systems. -cognitive: attention, memory, knowledge, problem sizing. -emotional/ social: self understanding, interpersonal skins.Theory-vital tools that guide us -sound basis for practical action-understand-improve welfare of childrenIssues-Continuous vs. discontinuous-one course of many-nature vs. nurtureContinue/Discontiue-gradual, slow(cont.)--Quantitative-stair steps(discount.)--stage theory *rapid transformation with each step *qualitative developmentOne course development/Many-one course=stage theory -many course= contemporary theory *unique combinations- different paths *personal- hereditary *environmental- home, school, neighborhood(immediate) - historical time period, culture(Macro)Nature/ Nurture-nature: genetics; emphasizes stability-nurture: physical and social world; emphasizes change and plasticityHistorical Views of Childhood-Medieval Times: Childhood separate from adults/ 7=years of reason and expected to work alongside adults.-Reformation: children are innately evil(original sin)/ harsh discipline-Transition to modern: Locke/ tabla rasa(blank slate)/ instruction, example,reward…education makes the man/ associationism- association of ideas when going is most important foundation for self/ treat children with kindness.Transition Continued-Rosseau: noble savage-children are inherently good; society corrupts them/born ready to learn/ would naturally develop into moral adults/ introduce ideas of stages and maturation(infancy, childhood, late childhood, adolescence)/ children choose their own destiny - Darwin: theory of evolution/ documenting behavior-kept a baby biography of infant son.Pioneers of child development -hall & gesell: believed in maturational development/ founded child development in academics/ normative approach--typical development-binet & simon: standardized intelligence test-baldwin: now nature and nurture coincide, work
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