Psyc 350 Unit 4 Test1. Drug abuse is defined as_____-the use of a drug that leads to clinically significant impairment or distress2. Withdrawal is defined as____-the physiological symptoms that occur when an individuals tops taking a drug or takes less of the drug than they took before3. What term is often used to refer to addiction?-drug dependence 4. Naltrexone ___ in the pleasure center of the brain-blocks dopamine receptors 5. Methadone is used to treat addiction to___-heroin6. How does methadone work?- it reduces the pleasure the drug produces and it reduces withdraw effects7. ___ causes an individual to become violently ill if the individual drinks alcohol-Antabuse8. Medication used to treat addicition can work in 3 different ways. Which of the following is NOT a way in which a medication helps?-It increases the addict’s ability to cope with stressors9. Zyban, a drug used to reduce cigarette smoking, works by___- increasing levels of dopamine10. Zyban is also marketed as___- Wellbutrin11. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) uses what main strategy to reduce drinking behavior?-increasing self control12. Any substance that alters mood, awareness of the external environment, or awareness of the internal environment is known as a/an:-psychoactive drug13. Bill began regularly drinking alcohol about ten years ago, at which time he could feel intoxicated after only three or four beers. However, he now needs to consumeat least twelve beers in order to feel any effects. Bill’s need for larger amounts of alcohol to get drunk is known as:-tolerance14. When Julie took her anti-anxiety medication after she had already began drinking alcohol, she noticed that the effects of her medication were much stronger than when she took it without alcohol. Julie’s experience would be best described as:-interaction effects15. Drugs that have a dulling effect on sensory experiences are called __ whereas drugs that generally distort sensory experiences are referred to as___-opiates, hallucinogens16. Severe withdrawal symptoms known as ___ may occur if an individual suddenly stops drinking alcohol after a period of chronic consumption-delirium tremens17. Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines are types of ___-depressants18. Morphine, codeine, and heroin are some of the more commonly used forms of drugs known as:- opiates19. The term “narcotic” is frequently used to refer to illegal forms of this class of drugs-opiates20. The reason that high doses of opiates can lead to death is that opiates reduce activity in the area of the brain that is responsible for ___-respiration21. The fast delivery of ___ to the brain makes it about three times more potent than morphine and ten times more potent than opium-heroin22. The brief periods of psychosis caused by high doeses of amphetamines are characterized by delusions very similar to those seen in -schizophrenia23. Before its dangers became apparent, this drug was used by Sigmund Freud because it helped alleviate his depression-cocaine24. Ingestion of large amounts of caffeine can result in symptoms that closely mimic a/an:-anxiety disorder25. Although __ is a stimulant, at high doses it can also function in the body as a/an:- nicotine, depressant26. Stan used to take LSD but he has not used it in years. One day, with no warning, he suddenly began experiencing the perceptual distortions like those he used to have when he was taking LSD. Stan’s experience would be referred to as a___-. flashback27. One reason that taking drugs is so reinforcing is that they cause a flood of the neurotransmitter ___ which leads to intense feelings of pleasure -dopamine28. The notion that individuals use psychoactive drugs to adjust their own levels of arousal is referred to as the ___-self-medication explanation29. Glutamate is responsible for craving a specific drug because of ___-specific excitatory neurons30. The neurotransmitter that is responsible for craving is ___- glutamate31. To stop the pleasure produced by drinking alcohol, mike has been prescribed-Naltrexone32. Genes contribute to substance abuse because they -result in higher levels of arousal33. The effect noted in the preceding question is thought to be one of the causes of increased problems with substance abuse in:-individuals of Asian decent34. To reduce Jill’s craving for alcohol she is taking___-an SSRI35. The drug referred to in the preceding question has its effect because it___-increases arousal36. A problem with the use of Naltrexone for treating drug abuse is that-individuals resist taking it 37. In an attempt to stop John from drinking alcohol by making the experience unpleasant, he has bee prescribed - Antabuse38. Heritability refers to-the percent to which a disorder is inherited39. Which of the following is NOT a situation under which the doctrine of parens patriae would not be used to commit a person involuntarily to a mental hospital? The individual-needs treatment40. Mental health professionals are___determining who is a threat to others-. not good at41. Which of the following is one of the situations in which the patient has the right torefuse treatment -if it violates the patients religious beliefs 42. the civil rights of a hospitalized mental patient can be restricted when the patient-. threatens to harm others and themselves43. Persons who suffer from schizophrenia and who are treated in the community instead of in a hospital are ___-less likely to be rehospitalized later44. Kendra’s law is an example of -involuntary outpatient treatment45. the legal concept of insanity assumes that if an individual commits a crime because of a psychiatric disorder then the individual is___-. not responsible for the crime46. The concept of insanity implies that an individual found not guilty by reason of insanity should be treated for the disorder that led to the crime-instead of being punished 47. James was found not guilty by reason of insanity because he suffered from symptoms of schizophrenia at the time of the crime. According to the legal conceptof insanity, after James has received treatment and is no longer suffering from the disorder, he should be-. released48. The definition of insanity -. varies from state to state49. The “right versus wrong” rule for insanity is also called the ___ rule-. M’Naughten50. The irresistible impules rule states that an individual can be declared insane if at the time of the crime the individual’s ___ was diminished by___-self control; overwhelming emotions51. To