Little work at homeManual labor would be reason to suspect nobilityRepeated bad harvests, outbreak of plague and lure of the New World□Background to Age of Exploration at home and SpainSociety divided between palace nobility and starving poor□Undermined economic activityPurity of catholic descendence○People in Spain became obsessed with proving purity in advance of execution•Amadas de Gaul - 1508About 40 chivalric stories overall, but more due to copies/alterations□California named after Queen Califia in Spanish romanceHandbook of courtly manners□Written in high diction (as opposed to middle or low)□Courageous, high virtue, magic/dragons/enchantment - pulpy and sensationalRomance: war and love in chivalric knight○Antecedent: Odysseus (but without his high birth)□Antihero protagonist who gets by on his wits and deceptionFirst-person account that is necessarily selfishAn outsider trying to make it on the insideEnsure survival, comfort, and prosperityHis sidekick represents reality - their relationship is bathos=fall from the sublime to the ridiculousIs a chivalric romance in his own mind (but deceives no one else)◊Don Quixote brings together picaresque and romance to parody RomanceProbably any book named after a character has a picaresque background: i.e. Huckleberry Finn◊Picaresque allowed for crude introduction of both high and low society into writing -introduction of the novelPicaresque is low-diction counterpart to high-diction chivalric□Written in crude wayRogue (or picaro) is antithesis of chivalric knight○Two Literary Genres reflect Inequality and Courtly Inner Circles•Common people enjoying meager meal: realistic facesBread is bread□Nothing is religiousRevolutionary during this period in Spain○Painting by Velasquez•Realistic water, fabric, ceramics, etc.○Dean Donahue: Lazarillo de TormesSunday, February 02, 20147:11 PM C+E Humanities Page 1New realism: OLD MAN•Drunks, young man dressed as BacchusShift from Classical to realisticPainted images of young boys and girls on the street-Softens colors, saccharine-Still represents extreme poverty-Otherwordly, transcendental○Normally painted sappy, colorful, religious artOutfit ecllipses personality of the royalty (crown transcends the man)Eyes begin to emerge, background disappears throughout his painting career□Reflected in intensity of chamberlain's portrait□Velasquez was really good at clothesVelasquez put himself in the portrait as holding the reins of the horse□Velasquez responded to criticisms with historical painting - departure from triumphantismKing Phillip has deadness of affect - king doesn't express in portraits in order to appear rational, above emotion○Self-portrait: wariness in expression, focus on eyes○Velasquez became painter of the king•Murillo from Sevilla C+E Humanities Page 2Becomes artifice: several frames/paintings, back of a canvasFollows no true false perspective◊Vanishing point is in the spectator - but not a true vanishing pointPainting is from perspective of the royal couple: having their picture painted□Phillip "splashing about in a very shallow gene pool" married niece(Soverignty of the subject)○Greatest painting of this period: revelation of optical and political consciousness• C+E Humanities Page