Chapter 1 Notes PSY 2012 Dr. Spires- Wilheim Wundt was the first psychologist in 1879.o His lab was in Germany.- Structuralism was the first method of psychology.- Analytical Introspection – Analyzes each layer of human experience separately.- Hypothetical Construction – Cannot be measured but is accepted and can be studied.- Functionalism – Tries to understand how the mind works in order to satisfy basic humanneeds.- Many didn’t accept these previous theories.- Gestalt Psychology – The whole is more than the sum of its parts.o It looked at perceptions and the process of human behavior.- Psychoanalytic Theory – Promoted by Sigmund Freud.o Believed we were born evil and motivated by sex and aggression.o Believed in three levels on consciousness; 1) conscious, 2) preconscious, 3) unconscious Largest part of the mind was the subconscious.o Repression – The brain forces thoughts from memory without effort.o Suppression – Thoughts must be consciously forced from memory.o Believed dreams were how we dealt with stress and other issues.- Behavioralism – John Watson (1878 – 1958)o This theory only dealt with observable and measurable behavior.- Tabula Rasa – The belief that people were neither good nor bad when born, but were shaped by life experiences.- Anytime we repeat a behavior it has reinforcement or we will never do it again.- Humanism – The belief that people are basically good, not evil, and are goal directed. Psychological issues occur due to frustration when goals are not achieved.- Clinical Psychology - deals with diagnosis and treatment of disorders.Chapter 1 Notes PSY 2012 Dr. Spires- Counseling Psychology - deals with non-major issues and disorders.- Experimental Psychology - conduct experiments on animals and make generalizations onhow it will affect humans.- Physiological Psychology - studies how hormones affect behavioro Psycho Neuroendocrinology - studies help hormones affect body and mind in certain situations.- Health Psychology - studies how experiences affect our health.- School Psychology - test students and determine special class