Final Exam Review SheetAuthors and TextsPausanias,Description of GreeceApollodorus,LibraryApollonius of Rhodes,Voyage of the ArgonautsTheocritus,Idyll XIIISophocles,Oedipus the KingAeschylus,AgamemnonHomer,IliadHomer,OdysseyVergil,AeneidMythsIodamaIno(Leukothea)The Argonauts, the Libyan Heroines, and theHesperideanNymphsHylasand the NymphsThe Founding of ThebesOedipusTantalus andPelopsOenomausandHippodameiaAtreusand ThyestesThe Sacrifice of IphigeniaThe Murder of AgamemnonThe Murder of Clytemnestra andAegisthusThe Trial of OrestesThe Judgment of ParisThe Trojan WarThe Voyage of OdysseusBirth of HeraclesHeracles and KingThespiusLabors of HeraclesThe Apotheosis of HeraclesBirth ofPerseusPerseusand MedusaPerseusand AndromedaDeath ofAcrisiusVoyage of AeneasThe War forLaviniaRomulus andRemusReview Terms1. Hero - In mythology and legend, a man, often of divine ancestry, who is endowedwith great courage and strength, celebrated for his bold exploits, and favored by the gods.2. Heroine - A woman noted for courage and daring action.3. Herocult - 1) not a cult in modern terms 2) = worship of heroes/heroines 3) local religion 4) presence of body (or part) A) Sparta and the bones of Orestes 5) tomb of hero/heroine 6) prosperity, fertility to local region4. Iodama – priestess of Athena – guide to travelers – was turned to stone after glimpsing Athena wearing the head of medusa 5. Ino – (Leukothea) daughter of Cadmus – Sister of Semele – Hermes brings Dionysus to the sisters then Hera takes revenge on sisters. Ino thinks her son is adear she then boils and kills her son then jumps from a cliff which is then renamed Leukothea 6. Leukothea – Ino jumped form this cliff killing herself after killing her son7. Semele – Sister of Ino – Hera is angered by these sisters and seeks revenge against them. 8. Libyan Heroines - returnof the Argonauts: lost in Libya 2) Libyan Heroines A)localheroines B)tiedto land C)nursesof Athena9. Argonauts – Sailors of the Ship the Argo 10. Nymph – Landscape deities – trees, mountains, streams, oceans etc. – companions of the god Pan – lovers of Gods, heroes and mortals, nurses of children, helper of heroes – dangerous to mortals – herdsman. 11. Dryads – a nymph that takes the form of a tree 12. Oreads – a nymph that takes the form of the mountains 13. Naiads – nymph of the river – often daughter of other gods 14. Nereids – nymph of the ocean daughter of nereus 15. Nympholepsy - passion aroused in men by beautiful young girls. Nymphs cause this to those who fall in love with them. 16. HesperideanNymphs - daughtersofHesperis2)liveat boundary of world 3)Islandof theHesperides 4)guardtree of magic apples 5)Ladon: serpent 6)helpfulnymphs: aid Argonauts1. Saga -a)myths, legends, folktales b)mythicfamiliesc)heroesand heroines2. Cadmus - a) Europab)foundingof Thebes1) Boeotia (“Cow Land”) 2) spring of Ares 3)serpent c)Harmonia d)cultureheroese)AmphionandZethus3. Thebes – city founded by Cadmus – known for being cow-land. 4. Oedipus - Oedipus (Oedipus) a) “swollenfoot” b) Delphic oraclec)Polybos, king of Corinth raised Oedipus in Corinth d) Oedipus consults Delphic oracle e) Laius f) Sphinx 1)Typhoiosand Echidna 2)riddleof the Sphinx g)Jocasta5. Delphic oracle - The Pythia, commonly known as the Oracle of Delphi, was the name of any priestess throughout the history of Temple of Apollo at Delphi, located on the slopes of Mount Parnassus, beneath the Castalian Sprin6. Laius - In Greek mythology, King Laius was the third in descent from Cadmus. Hewas married to his distant cousin, Jocasta. Apollo's oracle played a leading role inhis reign. When Apollo warned Laius that his son would kill him, Laius wasdetermined that this was not to be. When his son, Oedipus, was born, King Laius tied his feet together and left him to die on a mountain7. Sphinx - Kreon, the then regent of Thebes, offered the kingship to any man who could destroy her. Oidipous accepted the challenge, and when he solved the Sphinx's riddle, she cast herself off a mountainside in despair and in accordance with an oracle declaring the terms of her demise.8. Jocasta – the birth mother of Oedipus and Queen of thebes and the eventual wife of her own son completing the prophecy 9. Sophocles - Sophocles is one of three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays have survived. His first plays were written later than those of Aeschylus, and earlier than or contemporary with those of Euripides10. Dionysia - was a large festival in ancient Athens in honor of the god Dionysus, the central events of which were the theatrical performances of dramatic tragedies and, from 487BC, comedies. It was the second-most important festival after the Panathenaia.11. Hamartia - is a word most famously used in Poetics,[1] where it is usually translated as a mistake or error in judgment.[2][3][4] In modern discussions of tragedy, hamartia has often been described as a hero's "tragic flaw."12. Tiresias - Tiresias was the son of Everes and the nymph Chariclo; he was a blind prophet, the most famous soothsayer of ancient Greece.13. Fibula - Tiresias was the son of Everes and the nymph Chariclo; he was a blind prophet, the most famous soothsayer of ancient Greece.14. Oedipus atColonus - Oedipus at Colonus is one of the three Theban plays of the Athenian tragedian Sophocles. It was written shortly before Sophocles' death in 406 BC and produced by his grandson at the Festival of Dionysus in 401 BC.15. Tantalus - Tantalus was the son of Zeus and was the king of Sipylos. He was uniquely favored among mortals since he was invited to share the food of the gods. However, he abused the guest-host relationship and was punished by being "tantalized" with hunger and thirst in Tartarus: he was immersed up to hisneck in water, but when he bent to drink, it all drained away; luscious fruit hungon trees above him, but when he reached for it the winds blew the branches beyond his reach.1. Pelops - PELOPS was a king of Eleian Pisa in the western Peloponnesos, after whom the whol region was named. He was an immigrant from the Anatolian country of Lydia where he grew up a prince in the court of King Tantalos. His father, however, wishing to test the gods, slaughtered
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