Unformatted text preview:

ISM3003 Final Study GuideChapter 4: IT for Decision Support1. Agent-Based Technology (or Software Agent)-Small piece of software that acts on your behalf (or on behalf of another piece of software) performing tasks assigned to it.-Types:1. Autonomous agent-Can adapt and alter manner in which it attempts to achieve its assign task.2. Distributed agent-Works on multiple distinct computer systems.3. Mobile agent-Relocates itself onto different computer systems.4. Intelligent agent-Incorporates artificial intelligence capabilities such as learning and reasoning.5. Multi-agent system-Group of intelligent agents with ability to work independently but must also work with each other in order to achieve assigned task.2. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Science of making machines imitate human thinking and behavior.-Categories:1. Expert systems-Applies reasoning capabilities to reach a conclusion2. Neural networks (and fuzzy logic)-Capable of finding and differentiating a pattern3. Genetic algorithms -Mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem. 4. Agent-based technologies -Small piece of software that acts on your behalf (or on behalf of another piece of software) performing tasks assigned to it.3. Autonomous Agent-Software agent that can adapt and alter manner in which it attempts to achieve its assigned task.-Type of agent-based technology4. Buyer Agent (or Shopping Agent)-Agents on a Web site that help you, the customer, to find products and services you need. -An example of an information agent5. Data Management-Performs functions of storing and maintaining information and also that of giving you access to information you want your DSS to use (component of a Decision Support System).i.e. in Excel, you can build, store, and retrieve workbooks; each workbook can contain numerous worksheets; you can import data from variety of other sources like a database.-Sources of information you use in your DSS:1. Organizational information-You can design your DSS to access information directly from your company’s databases, data warehouses, and specialized systems such as CRM and SCM.2. External information-Some decisions require input from external source of information. -Various branches of government, Dow Jones, and the Internet can provide additional information for use with a DSS.3. Personal information-You can incorporate your own insights and experiences (your personal information) into your DSS.6. Data-Mining Agent-Operates in a data warehouse discovering information. -Suggests questions you may not even thought to askISM3003 Final Study Guidei.e. “What else do young men buy on Friday afternoons when they come in to buy diapers?”-Most common type is classification. -Finds patterns in information and categorizes items into those classes.-Neural Networks are part of many data-mining tools -May detect major shift in trend or key indicator.i.e. Volkswagen uses intelligent agent system that acts as early-warning system about market conditions.-If conditions become such that assumptions underlying company’s strategy are no longer true, the intelligent agent alerts managers.7. Decision Support System (DSS)-Highly flexible and interactive IT system that is designed to support decision-making when situation includes non-structured elements. -Primary objectives:-User interface management-Simple and easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI)-Data management-Access to large amounts of information-Model management-Models and tools (statistical and analytical) that you can use to massage information8. Distributed Agent-Software agent that works on multiple distinct computer systems.-Type of agent-based technology9. Expert System (or Knowledge-Based System)-Artificial intelligence system that applies reasoning capabilities to reach a conclusion.-Excellent for diagnostic (intelligence phase of decision making) and prescriptive problems (choice phase of decision-making)i.e. tells a driver what to do when approaching a traffic light-Usually built for specific application area called Domain. i.e. in accounting for tax planning; in medicine to prescribe antibiotics and diagnose diseases; in HR to determine whether a company is in compliance with federal employment laws; forestry management to help with harvesting timber.10. Fuzzy Logic-Mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information.-Approach to assign values between 0 and 1 to vague or ambiguous information (higher the value, the closer to 1). i.e. you assign the value 0.8 to the value “hot”-Construct rules and processes (called Algorithms) to describe interdependence among variables. -Steps that relate variables representing inexact information or personal perceptions. -Important part of most text analytics systems.-Very good at disambiguation-Ability to identify named entity recognition based on surrounding text.11. Genetic Algorithm-An artificial intelligence system that mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem. -It finds the combinations of inputs that give the best outputs.i.e. Staples to evaluate consumer responses to over 22,000 package designs to determine optimal set of package design characteristics. 12. Geographic Information Systems (GIS)-Decision support system designed specifically to analyze Spatial Information.-Any information that can be shown in map form-Business Geography-GIS software to generate maps showing information of interest.ISM3003 Final Study Guide-Many dimensions or layers called Themes 13. Implementation-Carry out the chosen solution, monitor the results, and make adjustments as necessary.-Phase 4 of decision-making (apply the fix)-Analytics takes on role of quality control -Allowing you to gather information regarding your solution to ensure it’s stays on target-Solution will always need fine-tuning14. Information Agent-Search for information of some kind and bring it back-Type of Intelligent Agenti.e. best known of these are buyer agents15. Intelligent Agent-Incorporate some form of AI, such as reasoning and learning, to assist you, or act on your behalf, in performing repetitive computer-related tasks.-Types:1. Information agents-Search for information of some kind and bring it back2. Monitoring-and-Surveillance agents-Constantly observe and report on some entity of interest, a network, ormanufacturing equipment3. User (Personal) agents-Take action on


View Full Document

FSU ISM 3003 - Final Study Guide

Documents in this Course
CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 4

43 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

13 pages

Quiz 2

Quiz 2

15 pages

Test 1

Test 1

11 pages

Test 1

Test 1

14 pages

Test 1

Test 1

14 pages

CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 1

30 pages

MIDTERM

MIDTERM

6 pages

Quiz #1

Quiz #1

10 pages

Quiz #1

Quiz #1

10 pages

Exam #3

Exam #3

27 pages

Load more
Download Final Study Guide
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Final Study Guide and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Final Study Guide 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?