IARC MIDTERM REVIEW GUIDE Interior Decoration Focuses on decorative ornamental and movable aspects of interior design Is NOT required to meet the most human safety and welfare needs Interior Design Design profession that plans for the necessities of a space relating to issues of safety and protection while considering functions of space and esthetics Interior Architecture European concept of Interior Design dealing with the basic space organization space planning and managing technical issues Interior Designer The professional interior designer is qualified by education experience and examination NCIDQ to enhance the function and quality of interior spaces for the purpose of improving the quality of life increasing productivity and protecting the health safety and welfare of the public Goals of interior design 1 2 3 To fulfill intended function of space Intended function of space itself needs of intended users occupants Human health safety and welfare To achieve aesthetics to create appealing environment To create values budgets life cycle cost ecological values Design as a communication tool Visual sensory and spatial literacy through compositions of elements and principles to achieve intended messages images functional or and artistic Gestalt psychology We are driven to experience the world around us in a regular orderly simplified systematical and meaningful manner Similarity Proximity Contiguity Continuity Closure Figure Ground Similarity group similar items together as collective entities Proximity things that are close together are seen as belonging together Continuity seeing a line as a continuous element Closure people close a gap to make it the way it should be Figure ground we tend to perceive on aspect of an event as the figure or foreground and the ground or background Categories of Impressions of Environment Perceptual behavior setting preference emotional Visual and spatial literacy Elements Designers visual sensory vocabulary space line shape texture pattern light color etc Principles Basic guidelines Design message Intended vs perceived Compositions of elements and principles to achieve intended message Visual impression Perceptual Behavior Setting Preference Emotional Elements of design space line texture pattern color Space area found within enclosure real or perceived Important and complex element Have physical visual emotional psychological implied functional planned and aesthetic connotations positive and negative space perceived sense of kinetics is key Line directional information or repose Line also has character emphasis or quality of expression Can alter perceptions of proportion Texture Visual interest Beauty and Character Physical or psychological impressions The surface quality of objects Can be not only touched but also sensed in memory Visual Tactile Sense of touch is inherent in interior design due to its human scale pattern vs texture light reflection Pattern Repetition of a specific motif or element creates pattern Creative elements Pattern combines with other elements i e space line texture color and light Decorative applied vs structural Functional aspects Affects the physical as well as the emotional comfort of user Aesthetical aspects Uniform light can lead to boredom Variations create interest but affect perception of colors Attention creating medium Mood and atmosphere Principles of Composition The Ways in which the elements are used or arranged Scale and Proportion Scale Size in relation to the human body how large or small we define things compared to our own physical presence Children vs Adult A comparison of something with an external object Proportion The relationship of one part s to other parts or to the whole An internal comparison of parts Proportion is criteria of compositional success Balance A state of equilibrium of the visual forces in a composition depends upon visual weights of architectural and interior elements Symmetrical balance Axial rotational or bilateral symmetry formal passive arrangement of identical elements about a common line Axis like our bodies and other natural structures Asymmetrical balance Arrangement of dissimilar elements spaces to achieve optical balance informal active Asymmetry stirs interest and curiosity in the observer and provoke thought Vertical balance the higher above eye level an element is the more visual weight it carriesIt is generally more active than symmetrical Radial balance Arrangement of elements or spaces around a center or focal point Often used in large congregating areas hotel and office lobbies Radial balance is often a visually pleasing alternative and combines effectively with the other qualities Natural progressive rhythm in stairs corridor pathway etc Rhythm Continuity recurrence or organized movement two types of balance in space time One space may have several different rhythms which may be contrasting or supporting Repetition the regular recurrence of elements including lines shapes forms lighting or colors Rhythms Grids horizontal beams and vertical columns Connecting points or elements in space Progression a directional sequence or transition produced by increasing or decreasing one or more Radiation as in a spiral Emphasis Creation of dominant and subordinate elements in a composition Emphasis also involves a temporal elements Certain visual images engage one s attention before releasing it to attend to Emphasis can be created by enhancing the visual weight or other stimuli psychological impact Allowing sufficient neutral background around an object Manipulating volume or mass of elements Conspicuous difference in size shape color or value Repetition of an element idea and contrasting variation Elements can be made dominant by virtue of their position in the Employ converging lines to accentuate an element forced composition perspective Placement so that it is visually present from many places Arranging elements to reveal a surprise Japanese Garden The arrangement of a combination of parts in a Harmony Unity composition Harmony involves the selection design of elements that share a common trait however it becomes monotonous without variety Common traits Colors or values Materials Orientation Shape size texture arrangements Variety the extent of the differences in design elements visual interest is enhanced by introducing dissimilar elements and spatial