HISTOLOGY (TISSUE TYPES)Epithelium or Epithelial tissues- covering and lining tissuelayers- single layer of cells= simple epithelium several layers of cells= stratified epithelium cell shapes- squamous= flat cells cuboidal= cube shaped- similar thickness and width columnar= like a column- tall, narrow cellsmajor epithelium types:simple squamous (3.4)- one layer of flattened cells, the thinest layer, found in the alveoliof lungs, lining in small blood vessels, easy to move materials across this tissue stratified squamous- several layers thick, top of the layer cells are squamous and deeper in the layer they are more cuboidal, found in the mouth and rectum simple cuboidal - single layer of cube shaped cells, tubules of kidneys, gland ducts—secretionsimple columnar (3.6) - single layer of tall, narrow cells, lines the stomach and intestinespseudostratified columnar (3.7)- single layer of mostly tall, narrow cells that gives the appearance of more than one layer- all the cells connect to the base- lines most of theair passages of the respiratory systemConnective TissueConnective tissue proper- connecting and packing material of the body, contains many different kinds of fibers loose (areolar) con. tiss .(3.12)- fills in areas of the body, contains loose array offiber, allows things to move across itdense irregular con. tiss. (3.15)- lots more collagen fibers leaving not a lot of room for cells, no pattern to how the fibers run, makes up thedermis of the skin- gives the skin resistance to being torndense regular con. tiss. - lots of collagen fibers lined up parallel, makes up tendons (connect muscle to bone) and ligaments (connect boneto each other) adipose tissue(3.14)- made of large cells filled with fat molecules, deep to the skin, found in the back of the eye socket- used as a cushionSupporting Con. Tis.Supporting Con Tis- stiffer and more rigid, provides the framework for the body cartilage- solid, slightly flexible 1. Hyaline Cartilage(3.18)- very smooth, found in the surfaces in joints that rub togetherhas holes called lacunae2. Elastic Cartilage- rare in humans, more flexible than hyaline, external ear 3. Fibrous Cartilage- visible fibers in the matrix, collagen fibers, acts as a shock absorberfor heavy weight carrying joints like the knee, backbonebone tissue (3.19)- matrix that includes calcium salts, hardest tissue in the body, containslots of collagen fibers and cells, blood vessels and cells in lacunae connected by canal Compact Bone- wall Spongy bone- insideFluid connective tissue(3.16): blood- the matrix is liquid called plasma contains cells Muscular tissue- produces force or movement or both skeletal muscle- most common, made of very long cells- many nuclei- striated= stripes, conscious control= voluntary, makes up organs called muscle, cells never branch cardiac muscle- striated, cells are shorter and they branch, branches are connected by intercalated disks, one nucleus per cell, only found in the heart, involuntarysmooth muscle- not striated, shortest of all muscle cells, one nucleus per cell, found in the walls of hollow organs and tubes, involuntaryNervous tissue- makes up the nervous system= brain, spinal cord and nervesneurons- cells that send and receive signals, are involved with coordinating activities of the bodyneuroglial cells- support cells of the nervous system, provide nutrients and physical support, maintenance and