For the later ship of the same name, see Russian battleship Sevastopol (1911).For other ships of the same name, see Sevastopol (ship).Sevastopol at Port Arthur in 1904Career (Russia)Name: SevastopolNamesake: Siege of SevastopolBuilder: New Admiralty Shipyard, Saint Petersburg, Russian EmpireLaid down: 19 May 1892[a]Launched: 1 June 1895Completed: 1899In service: 1900Fate: Scuttled off Port Arthur, 2 January 1905General characteristicsClass & type: Petropavlovsk-class pre-dreadnought battleshipDisplacement: 11,842 long tons (12,032t)Length: 376ft (115m)Beam: 70ft (21m)Draft: 28ft 3in (8.61m)Installed power: 10,600shp (7,900kW)16 cylindrical coal-fired boilersPropulsion: 2 shafts2 vertical triple-expansion steam enginesSpeed: 16 knots (30km/h; 18mph)Range: 3,750nmi (6,940km; 4,320mi) @ 10 knots (19km/h; 12mph)Complement: 662Armament: 4 × 305mm (12in) guns12 × 152mm (6in) guns10 × 47mm (1.9in) guns28 × 37mm (1.5in) guns6 × torpedo tubesArmor: Harvey armorBelt: 8–12in (203–305mm)Turrets: 10in (254mm)Secondary turrets: 5in (127mm)Conning tower: 9in (229mm)Deck: 3in (76mm)Sevastopol (Russian: ) was the last of three ships in the СевастопольPetropavlovsk class of pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the 1890s.Named for the siege of Sevastopol during the Crimean War, the ship was commissioned into the First Pacific Squadron of the Russian Pacific Fleet and was stationed at Port Arthur, a Russian naval base acquired from China in 1898 as part of the Kwantung Leased Territory. One of the first ships to use Harvey nickel-steel armor and Popov radios, she displaced 11,854 long tons (12,044t) atfull load and was 369 feet (112.5m) long overall, and mounted a main battery of four 12-inch (305mm) guns in two twin turrets. She was laid down in May 1892, launched on 1 June 1895 and completed in 1899. Her sea trials lasted until 1900.Sevastopol saw service in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05. Slightly damaged during a surprise attack on Port Arthur in early February, the ship later participated in several attempts to break out from the besieged port. The most notable of these was the Battle of the Yellow Sea, where she was damaged by several shells but managed to make it back to port with the remnants of the Russian Fleet, leaving one crewman dead and 62 wounded. Immediately after thesurrender of Port Arthur, Sevastopol was scuttled to prevent her capture by the Imperial Japanese Navy. The Japanese never raised her. The remains of the ship still lie outside the entrance to Port Arthur.Contents [hide]1 Design2 Characteristics3 Construction4 Service history4.1 Wartime service5 Notes6 ReferencesDesign[edit]The first design for Sevastopol and her sister ships of the Petropavlovsk class was approved in January 1891. She was to be an improved version of the battleship Imperator Nikolai I, but with most of her armament in barbettes, including four 12-inch (305mm) guns. The class was designed with a displacement of 10,960 long tons (11,136t) at full load.[1]She had a full waterline belt, and the upper hull featured a tumblehome. Imperator Nikolai I was chosen as a starting point for the design because of her good seakeeping and seaworthiness. Some characteristics were also copied from the French battleshipBrennus and the American Indiana-class battleships, such as the flush-deck hull and Brennus'high freeboard.[2]Following a redesign of the class, Sevastopol ceased to resemble Imperator Nikolai I. The armor plating was changed before construction, and plans for the armament were modified while the ship was being built. The barbettes were replaced with turrets, including wing turrets for some of the secondary 6-inch (152mm) guns modeled after those onBrennus, with electric hoists.[3] The propulsion was based on the machinery on Georgii Pobedonosets.[1] Sevastopolhad Harvey nickel-steel armor imported from the United States.[4]Characteristics[edit]Sevastopol displaced 11,842 long tons (12,032t) and was 376 feet (114.6m) long overall. She had a beam of 70 feet (21.3m) and a maximum draft of 28feet 3inches (8.6m). She was powered by 16 cylindrical coal-burning boilers, and could carry 1,050 long tons (1,070t) of coal. This gave her a range of 3,750 nautical miles (6,940km; 4,320mi) at a cruising speed of 10 knots (19km/h; 12mph).[5] She had a crew of 662.[6]The ship's main armament consisted of a battery of four 12-inch (305mm) guns in two twin turrets. This was supplemented by a secondary battery of twelve 6-inch (152mm) guns. Sevastopol's armament was rounded out with ten 47-millimeter (1.9in) guns, twenty-eight 37-millimeter (1.5in) anti-torpedo boat guns,and six 14-inch (356mm) torpedo tubes, four of which were submerged.[7]Construction[edit]Sevastopol at Kronstadt in 1900Sevastopol, named for the siege of Sevastopol during the Crimean War, was laid down at the Galernii Island shipyard in Saint Petersburg on 7 March 1892.[8] Construction was led by two engineers, E. P. Andruschenko and N. I. Afanasyev,[8] and began on 7 May 1892,[9] about the same time as the battleship Sissoi Veliky was laid down.[9] The ceremony was attended by Alexander III of Russia and then-Tsesarevich Nicholas II.[8] Sevastopol was launched on 1 June 1895[10]and, after the completion of her hull and decks in 1898, was transferred to Kronstadt where her armor and guns were installed.[8] Sevastopol was finished in1899[10] and Nikolai Chernishev became her captain, a post which he would retain until 17 March 1904, when Nikolai Essen assumed command.[11]Service history[edit]Sevastopol began her sea trials on 16 October 1899, and was commissioned after their conclusion into the Imperial Russian Navy. She and her sister ships were transferred to Port Arthur, which was then the port of the First Squadron of the Russian Pacific Fleet.[12] In September 1900, Popov radios were installed on Sevastopol and her sister Poltava, the first Russian battleships to have them.[13][14] They were also painted white, the same color as the other ships in the First Pacific Squadron.[15] She then left for Port Arthur and arrived at on 13 April 1901.As Russia was not at war with any Far East countries at that time, Sevastopol stayed in port, inactive.[16]Wartime service[edit]Sevastopol (rear center) and her sistersIn early February
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