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Test 21. Cerebral spinal fluid is made up ofA. Choroid plexus2. Thin filaments are made up ofA. Actin3. Myelinated fiber of 10-um diameter would be the______A. Greatest4. Which of the following cell types in the retina capable of generating an action potential?A. Ganglion cells5. Process of salatory action potentials propagation?A. Action potenials is triggered by graded potentials depolarization of the initial segmentB. At threshold, sodium channels begin to open rapidly,C. Local currents depolarize a sensitive spot distant from active zone6. Graded potentialsA. May be either depolarization or a hyperpolarization7. Organ of corti is found in theA. Coclea8. Threshold for an action potentialA. It is more positive than resting potential9. Responds to painful stimuliA. Free nerve endings10. First step in process of photoreceptorsA. Absorption of light by visual pigment11. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSP)A. are local hyperpolarization12. when exposed to light cell membrane of photoreceptor cell isA. hyperpolarized13. look up steps of generation of action potential14. bitter taste is stimulated in taste budsA. alkaloids15. neurotransmitters are stored in theA. vesicle16. This is not important in maintaining resting membrane potentialsA. Voltage gated Na+ channels17. Am ion channel that are always open are regulated channels18. Site of intercellular communications between neurons isA. synapse19. Not involved in creating resting potential of a neuronA. Membrane permeability for sodium ions greater than potassium ions20. Before an olfactory receptor can detect an odorant, it has to bind to receptors in olfactory cilia21. NERVE CELL is not an example of a neurotransmitter junction22. Receptor for water soluble chemical messengers are found in theA. Plasma membrane23. SOMATIC nervous system controls the skeletal muscles24. EPSP (excitatory postsynaptic potentials) occur whenA. Extra sodium ions enter the cell25. Ventral rot of spinal nerve containsA. Axons of motor neurons26. What happens to myosin head after it hydrolyses ATPA. Binds to actin forming a cross bridge27. Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by theA. Thalamus28. External force bends to the sterocilia of a hair cells in the inner earA. There is a change in membrane potentials of hair cell29. Lipid soluble chemical messengersA. Affect rates of gene transcription30. SarcomereA. Repeating unit of striated myofibrils31. Spinal nerves areA. Both sensory and motor32. Pumping calcium out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum does not use ATP33. Neurotransmitters are used at neuromuscular junctionA. Acetylcholine34. Provides the principal link between nervous and endocrineA. Hypothalamus35. Which structure in the inner ear is responsible for hearingA. Cochlea36. Frequency pitch of a perceived sound depends onA. Which part of the basilar membrane is stimulated37. Efferent division of the peripheral nervous system innervatesA. Smooth muscleB. Heart muscle glandC. Skeletal muscle glandD. Glandular gland38. Part of the brain responsible for coordinating movements and controlling balanceA. Cerebellum39. Neurons from the afferent division of PNSA. Sensory40. Binds ATPA. Myosin heads41. Calcium triggers the release of neurotransmitters into synaptic cleft42. Dorsal root of spinal nerve containsA. Axons of sensory neurons43. AgonistA. Substance that competes with a chemical messenger for a receptor and initiates same response as chemical messenger44. Cardiac muscle cells can transmit action potentials one to anotherA. Gap junctions connect the cells45. Fluid that fills cochlear ductA. Enolymph46. gravity and linear acceleration are detected in theA. utricle and sacule47. action potentials can only travel one way becauseA. portion of the axon behind the action potential is refractory period48. How many neurons are in a pathway from the CNS to the effector organ in ANSA. 249. Opening of sodium channels in axon membrane causesA. Depolarization50. Visual pigments in rodsA. Rhodopsin51. Ligand that binds to cation channels in photoreceptors cells and causes them to remain openA. cGMP52. skeletal muscle fiber is controlled by a motor neuron at a singleA. neurotransmitter junction53. sensory receptors of semicircular canals are located inA. ampullae54. TROPONIN MOLECULES covers myosin binding sites ofA. G active when a muscle fiber is at rest55. An adrenergic synapses release the neurotransmittersA. Norepinephrine56. Potassium permeability of a resting neuron increases above resting permeability, what effect will this have on the trans membrane potentialA. The inside of the membrane will be come more negative57. Damage to the ependymal cells would affect what?A. Formation of cerebrospinal fluid58. The rapid rise and fall in force produced by a muscle fiber after a single action potentialA. A twitch59. Cardiac muscle cellsA. Cannot undergo tetanic contractions60. Skeletal muscle fibers differ from “typical cells” in that muscle fibers (look up the answer)A. Have many nucleicB. Lack a plasma membraneC. Lack mitochondriaD. Are very smallE. Both B and C61. Which of the following best describes the term sarcomere (look up answers)A. Thin filaments are anchored hereB. Repeating unit of striated myofibrilsC. Protein that accounts for elasticity of resting muscleD. Storage site for calciumE. Largely made of myosin molecules62. Which of the following structures below stores CalciumA. Sarcoplasmic reticulum63. Receptors for acetylcholine are located on theA. Motor end plates64. At rest, active sites on the actin are blocked byA. Trepomyosin molecules65. The axons of neurons that innervate regions of smooth muscle cells divide into branches that contain swollen regions calledA. Varicosities66. Each skeletal muscle fibers differ from a typical cells in that muscle fibers haveA. Many nuclei67. Each skeletal muscle fiber is controlled by a motor neuron at a singeA. Neuromuscular junction68. Cross bridges aer portions ofA. Myosin molecules69. At rest the tropomyosin molecule is held in place byA. Troponin molecules70. Cardiac muscle cells can transmit action potentials one to another becauseA. Gap junctions connect the cells71. Which skeletal muscle is repeatedly stimulated the tension the fiber develops eventually decreases. This is calledA. Muscle fatigue72. Interactions between actin and myosin filaments of the sarcomere are responsible forA. Muscle contractionTest 21. Cerebral spinal fluid is made up of A. Choroid plexus2. Thin


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U of A BIOL 2213 - Test 2

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