ABSC NOTES 5 What s an operant A class of behaviors that may not look alike but all have the same consequences EXTINCTION when the environment no longer supports the operant it s no longer reinforced it undergoes extinction increases the probability of previously reinforced operant behaviors RESURGENCE increases response variability Partial Reinforcement Effect PRE behavior that is reinforced every time undergoes rapid extinction intermittently reinforced behavior takes longer to undergo extinction EXTINCTION BURST don t get the reinforcer engage in the behavior a lot more for a short period of time then give up makes you feel frustrated and often results in aggression GUIDELINES FOR SING EXTINCTION 1 Begin by identifying the reinforcer that maintains behavior 2 Can you eliminate the reinforcer 3 4 Can an extinction burst be tolerated 5 Can you ensure that the reinforcer will never be delivered Is extinction safe to use LESSON QUIZ 10 Kevin found that when he winked at Annie she would swoon When he winked at Bailey she would be mean to him and not swoon After some time Kevin learned to not wink at Bailey What behavioral procedure accounts for Kevin winking at Annie AND not winking at Bailey UNKNOWN By reinforcing behavior that is INCOMPATIBLE with undesirable behavior in the DRI procedure all other behaviors are extinguished Tom got up in the morning grabbed what he thought were his reading glasses and walked into the bathroom to sit with the newspaper for a while Once in the bathroom he realized that what he thought were his glasses was actually a pair of scissors He couldn t read anything The next and all subsequent days Tom carefully reached for his glasses i e looked at them before he carried them into the bathroom instead of carelessly grabbing whatever he could grab What behavioral procedure accounts for this shift in Tom s behavior DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT Pat loved his mother s chocolate chip cookies but did not like his grandmother s chocolate chip cookies Every time Pat would visit his mother s house he would ask for her homemade cookies However whenever Pat when to his grandmother s house he wouldn t ask her to make cookies What behavioral procedure accounts for Gary s behavior DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT Bill stopped to pet a dog on the side of the road The dog bit him and Bill got sad He never wants to touch that dog again What behavioral procedure accounts for Bill s dislike of the dog that bit him UNKNOWN The behavior analyst reinforces one behavior while putting another on extinction in a DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT procedure When Sally wore her little black dress her new boyfriend Cole paid Sally compliments for how she looked in the dress When Sally wore an old purple jumper Cole did not pay any compliments or praise to Sally This was surprising to Sally because her old boyfriend always paid her compliments when she wore the purple jumper After a while Sally began to wear the black dress instead of the purple jumper Whether Cole knows it or not he used a DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT procedure Ron would use his magic wand to clean up his room before going to bed every night He did this until the spell he was using backfired and started making the room even messier Now Ron gets up and cleans up the room himself without using magic What behavioral procedure accounts for Ron s behavior Hint The answer is not extinction DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT The study of how ENVIRONMENTAL events CHANGE behavior is the focus of Behavior analysis Put a single space between the 2 words of your answer Peter used to grind his teeth while he slept This was solved by his horrible dentist who hooked him up to a shock apparatus Whenever he ground his teeth he would be startled awake by an electric shock Peter no longer grinds his teeth What behavioral procedure accounts for Peter s decrease in teeth grinding UNKNOWN When the pigeon pecks the key when it is red it occasionally earns food When the pigeon pecks that same key when it is green it never gets food The pigeon pecks the key a lot when it is red and never pecks the key when it is green What behavioral procedure accounts for the bird being so choosy The answer is not reinforcement UNKNOWN Doing sit ups in your dorm room and doing sit ups in the gym are are not two different behaviors Blake found that it was easier to open the garage door when he pushed on it rather than pull What behavioral procedure accounts for Blake s door opening technique DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT LESSON QUIZ 11 Jerry was eating Jelly Belly jellybeans He ate a green one Margarita It tasted good He ate a yellow one buttered popcorn It tasted horrible Jerry is careful in the future to eat green and avoid yellow Jelly Bellies What behavioral procedure explains Jerry s behavior UNKNOWN When O Neill and Gardner 1983 taught Mrs F to walk they started by reinforcing several successive approximations of walking Their goal was to get her to walk on her own with a walker This behavior is called the TARGET behavior by behavior analysts Andrew a 4 year old boy fears the dark He insists on sleeping with the lights on all night His mom wants to teach him to sleep in the dark She first installs a light dimmer allowing Andrew to dim the light a little bit Now his mom asks him to turn down the dimmer halfway before going to bed When Andrew does so he gets praise from his mother When he does not turn the dimmer halfway his mom ignores his behavior Eventually Andrew learns to dim the lights halfway or less every time he goes to bed What behavioral procedure is being implemented in this course SHAPING When Sammy was in 2nd grade his parents made a big deal out of every academic achievement he made Sammy was a great student In the 4th grade his parents went through a divorce and didn t have time to notice when he did well in school Sammy s academic performance decreased precipitously What behavioral procedure did Sammy s parents inadvertently use EXTINCTION To get a job as a typist Jackie had to pass a speed test She had to be able to type 150 words per minute Which of the following reinforcement schedules did the typing pool employ DRA DRI DRO DRL or DRH DRH When it was dark in the room and the light was off John learned to turn on the light When the light was on and John was ready to go to bed John learned to turn off the light What behavioral procedure accounts for John s behavior UNKNOWN Shaping involves reinforcing SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION to the target behavior O Neill and