PSYCHOLOGY 402 Study Guide for Examination No 1 1 Review the contributions of each of the following historical figures a Ramon y Cajal b Descartes c Golgi d Volta e Galvani 2 Be able to define or describe each of the following terms a resting potential b action potential c graded potential d excitatory postsynaptic potential e inhibitory postsynaptic potential f temporal summation g spatial summation h neurotransmitter i equilibrium potential j relative refractory period k absolute refractory period 3 Review the basic structure of the neuron including the structure of the soma synapse dendrite and axon Be able to defin and describe the endoplasmic reticulum nucleolus Golgi apparatus What is the structure of the cell membrane What is axoplasmic transport What are the roles of kinesin and dynein 4 Review the basic structure of the nervous system including the overall organization of the brain and spinal cord What structures are contained in the telencephalon diencephalon mesencephalon metencephalon and myelencephalon What functions are associated with the structures of the basal ganglia and limbic system What functions are associated with each lobe of the cerebrum 5 Review the ionic basis for the action potential What events occur during the ascending and descending phases of the action potential What are the roles of sodium calcium and potassium ions in bringing about these changes in membrane potential What are the absolute and relative refractory periods of the neuron and how does the existence of the relative refractory period enable coding of information about the strength of the stimulus in terms of rate of firing of the neuron 6 How is an action potential propagated down an axon What is electronic spread and how is it affected by the thickness of the fiber What is myelinization and which kinds of glial cells provide myelinization in the central and peripheral nervous systems How does myelinization increase speed of propagation of an action potential What is saltatory conduction 7 Review the material concerning synaptic transmission How does the invasion of the presynaptic terminal by an action potential engender release of chemical neurotransmitter What are the differences between chemical and electrical synapses What is temporal summation What is spatial summation What is presynaptic inhibition 8 Be able to explain how the concepts of positive feedback and negative feedback can be used to explain the ionic events involved in the generation of an action potential Be able to explain how increasing the strength of a sensory stimulus will increase the firing rate of sensory neurons as well What significance does this have for helping us to understand how neurons code information about the intensity of sensory stimulation Return to Study Guide Menu PSYCHOLOGY 402 Study Guide for Examination No 1 Psychopharmacology 1 Be able to define or describe a monoamine oxidase b monoamine oxidase inhibitor c deprenyl d reserpine e catecholamine f indoleamine g nicotinic receptor h muscarinic receptor i AMPA receptor j NMDA receptor k acetylcholinesterase l mesolimbic dopamine system m G protein n second messenger 2 Be able to describe the biosynthetic and degradative pathways for acetylcholine the catecholamines and for serotonin Which drugs acts as agonists and which act as antagonists for each of these types of small molecule neurotransmitters What are the medical uses of dopamine agonists and antagonists What are the medical uses of serotonin reuptake inhibitors 3 Which drugs act as agonists and antagonists for the amino acid neurotransmitters glutamate GABA and glycine In which portions of the nervous system are neurons utilizing these neurons located What are the medical uses of drugs acting as agonists and antagonists for these neurotransmitters 6 How do G protein mediated cascades work What cascades are associated with the Gq Gs and Gi proteins and which small molecule second messengers are typically produced by them 5 What are large molecule neurotransmitters What are the basic types of large molecule neurotransmitters and where in the nervous system are they found What drugs act as agonists and antagonists for the opioid peptides