Sociology Chapter 5 Social Interaction Groups and Social Structure I Piaget ability to reason Cognitive Theory of Development a Sensorimotor stage birth 2 i Direct contact with environment ii Use senses to make discoveries iii Object permanence around 1 year of age b Preoperational stage age 2 7 i Children use words to distinguish objects ideas ii Egocentric thoughts centered around themselves c Concrete operational stage age 7 12 i Engage in more logical thinking ii Reasoning abilities tied to concrete objects d Formal operational stage around age 12 i Become capable of sophisticate abstract thought ii Deal with ideas and values in a logical manner II Agents of Socialization a Family i Family most important agent of socialization in U S ii M Kohn s theory on social class differences 1 Working class parents outward conformity obedience 2 Middle class parents curiosity self expression self control b Neighborhood Cultural Influences c Impact of Race and Gender i Social development includes exposure to cultural assumptions 1 Ex Children at 2 years of age are able to pick up on negative messages about African Americans d School and Peer Groups i popularity 1 boys more popular when athletic ability coolness toughness 2 girls more popular when family background physical appearance clothing ii functionalists fulfill the function of teaching children the values and customs society at large iii conflict theorists reinforce the divisive aspects of society especially those of social class e mass media and technology f online socializing g workplace
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