Can’t actually put life on stage, because artist intervenes so still dramatizedboringReal setSet Design: details, fourth wallAndre Antoin (1858-1943) and Theatre Libre in 1887: “The front of the stage must be a 4th wall, transparent for the public, opaque for the player”- keyholeFather of Realism: Henrik Ibsen – A Doll’s House (1879) Nora vs. HusbandThe Provincetown Players 1919-29-place for Trifles, Susan Gaspell-exploring social issue (pre-suffrage)The Little Theater Movement: network of little theaters (against commercialism of day)-not for profit, experimentalTriflesMrs. Wright = Minnie, never present, loves to singMr. Wright, murdered in his sleep, rope around his neckCan’t arrest Mrs. Wright because they can’t find motiveWomen focus on “trifles”Find that the kitchen is untidy, find an unfinished quilt, frozen fruit, and a dead bird with a broken neckMr. Wright killed the bird so Mrs. Wright killed him in the same wayMakes statement that women have a skill that men don’t have (it’s equally valuable, attn to detail)Women fighting back- do this by not telling on herAbout making strong social situation-not religion, making moneyReactions to realismManifestos – rules and guidelinesAlso important to art and poetryIsms-SymbolismBeauty over naturalismIt’s about idea behind what’s happening on stageOur language isn’t perfect – shows devaluation of languageA place that can’t be accessed through five senses, only through symbolNever shows idea, just suggest itAesthetics over ‘reality’FuturismInfluences by war and technologyMarinetti“the boys club”War, fast, violence, speed, revolution, danger, technology,Italy was resting on Roman ideas, not going anywhere, they wanted it to more and go somewherePerformances:“feet” – only show feet, attitudes and movement through feet“Syntesi” brief one idea performances“noise music” – noise makersAudience has to be involved – itching powder, even if they boo they’re still involvedExpressionismMore emotionalMore personalNightmarishSearch for transcendenceComing from inner subjectivityPaint what you feel, not what you seeSense of angst and sufferingInner beauty will replace outer beautyNothing to do with aestheticsDADATristian TzaraNo meaning, random word, perhaps a baby’s first wordAgainst logicChanceNihilistic (no point), but not apocalyptic (nothing matters)Current ordered situation has erupted into chaosSound poem “gadji berbimba”Ex: Toilet seat in museum, mustache on the Mona LisaSurrealistOrgins in DADA, but has more disciplineOpen window to subconsciousFocus on psychoanalysis, exploring unconsciousExplore set of creativityPerformanceDreams and waking sleepAutomaticArtuad – (1896 – 1948)He began as a surrealist, wrote Spurt of BloodTheatre of Cruelty (1895-1948)Theatre is instrumentalLike a plague, the theatre can cleanse society of all that is immoralInterested in collective psychology and transformation, not individualIf actions and imagines in the theatre are emotionally grueling you will come out of the theatre unable to do those things yourselfMoral enlightenment through catharsisBombarded emotionBrecht – (1898-1956)Epic theatreAudience of scientific ageAgainst empathySubvert apparatusAlienation effect (verfremdungseffk)Remove actor from characterRemoves audience from charactersConstant reminder you’re at a play – fake, no emotionNo 4th wall3rd personPast stage directionsAbsurdism and Theatre of AbsurdAbsurd means “out of harmony” or “devoid of purpose”Strives to express its sense of senselessness of the human condition and the inadequacy of the rational approach by the open abandonment of rational devices and discursive thoughtSamuel BeckettUnity between form and contentSpurt of BloodIdea of dreamWhat’s expected doesn’t happenSurrealistCommon characteristics of “isms”Same historical context (WWI and WWII)Trying to challenge accepted beliefsDistance from realityReactions to what’s going onChallenging what we think is artAsian TheatreMajor Ideas (Part one : India and Indonesia)Broad spectrumComplicate definitionExplore different ways of storytelling (conventions)KathakaliKatha – storyKali- performaceIndia – state: KeralaStarted in 16th centuryKey FeaturesDance drama: main mode of communication, but tells storyNo spoken dialogueNo sceneryFocus on costumes and make-upAll male actorsTelling the storyMany of the stories are already known (basic idea, not necessarily details)Music and LyricsMusicians: drums (3), conch shell, sound box (one pitch accordion)Singers: lead plays gong, supporting plays cymbals, sing narration and dialogueBody movement: clues as to what’s going onMudras: 24 basic types, sign language-esque, meaning changes depending on where hand held and whether use one hand or twoFacial Expressions: specific/set ones, codifiedEye movements: where, how eyes moving choreographed- controlledCostumesBare feetCrown/head dress specific to characterSkirts: specific to KathakaliOrnamentsMake-UpRed eyes: bloodshot, just because, put a seed in itChutti: rice paste, now paper mache, white thing around neck, frames make upRole Types: reveals character through make upGreen: heroic, divine, black on eyes (beautiful)Knife: noble but arrogant or evil, has green, black, and chuti like green, but white ball means evilRadiant/shining: women, clowns, sages, yellow, no chuti, less elaborate, more pure and simpleBlack-bearded: forest demon, cave dweller; nature based, black beard around neck,Red-Bearded: animals or have animal-like characterists, red thing around neck, white balls, short eyeWhite Beard: brownish beard around neck, good b/c green nose,Special: everything else (birds, thieves)Theater in IndonesiaWayang KulitWayang= puppets or play, kuli=leatherFrom at least 10th centuryShadow puppetryWhy is it done?EntertainmentRitualappear to godsContemporaryPolitical propagandaSocial issuesTourismPerformance conventionsNot rehearsedAudience on both sidesTraditionally takes 9 hoursPuppetsGoat or buffalo hidePaintedArticulate: have joints that moveIdentification codeAlus (more closed, less decorated)-----------Kasar (wider, bigger, more decorated) Spectrum (Alus=refined, Kasar=rough)EyesNoseHeadStanceBodyTrees of life frame stageWhat is involved?ScreenOil LampBanana log (holds stuff)Gamelan OrchestraDalangPuppeteer, StorytellerMusician, conductorhammer between toes and taps out code to cue orchestraSpiritual expert who audience trustsCritique of
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