PHYSIOLOGY 300 PRACTICE EXAM 1 FALL 2019 1 Which of the following is NOT an accessory gland or organ of the digestive system A salivary gland B gastric gland C pancreas D liver E gallbladder A duodenum B stomach C cecum D ileum E ascending colon 2 The functional segment that follows the jejunum in the direction of the anal end is 3 While eating a meal you swallow by accident a small piece of metal such as a dime coin that cannot be dissolved by the gastric juices In a healthy adult what is most likely to happen to this coin A The coin remains for several years in the stomach because it cannot be dissolved and therefore is too big to pass through the sphincter into the small intestine during gastric emptying of the meal components B The coin is removed from the stomach during fasting between meals through a motility action that is called migrating motor complex and excreted after about two days C Because the coin is relatively big it is moved from the stomach to the small intestine immediately after ingestion D The coin is removed from the stomach during regular gastric emptying though a motility action that is called mass movement E None of the above 4 Which of the following sphincters is a skeletal muscle A pyloric valve B sphincter of oddi C ileocecal valve D internal anal sphincter E external anal sphincter 1 5 Protective epithelia are found in and contain that are formed by A Esophagus Gap Junctions Cadheris B Pharynx Desmosomes Plaque Glycoproteins C Large Intestine Tight junctions Claudins D Mouth Desmosomes Connexins E Esophagus Tight Junctions Cadherins 6 The muscularis externa in the small intestine consists of A a complete layer of circular muscles B a complete layer of longitudinal muscles C a layer of oblique muscles D A and B E A B and C 7 Microvilli are A foldings of the mucosa in the small intestine B foldings of the submucosa in the small intestine C foldings of the mucosa in the stomach D foldings of the plasmamembrane on the basolateral side of enterocytes E foldings of the plasmamembrane on the apical side of enterocytes 8 Which of the following processes do NOT take place in the small intestine A production of chyme B mixing of chyme with digestive enzymes C absorption of nutrients D absorption of water E absorption of vitamins 9 The pharyngeal phase does NOT include A ingestion B closing of the epiglottis C opening of the upper esophageal sphincter D inhibition of respiration E elevation of the uvula to close the nasal cavity 2 10 What types of motility are observed in the large intestine during a meal A receptive relaxation B migrating motor complex C primary peristaltic wave D mass movement E gastric wave 11 Which statement in regard to dietary fibers is FALSE A Dietary fibers are polysaccharides that cannot be digested by enzymes that are produced by cells of the human body B Dietary fibers induce osmotic water flow into the lumen of the large intestine C Dietary fibers can be fermented to a certain extend by intestinal microorganisms which leads to the production of gas D Dietary fibers can only be digested by the enzyme cellulase E Dietary fibers induce the absorption of water in the large intestine from the lumen of the GI tract to the internal environment 12 The enzymes lipase and colipase digest triglycerides into 13 Bile is produced in the secreted into absorbed from and recycled in A phospholipids B cholesterol C monoglyceride and free fatty acids D bile salt and free fatty acids E micelles A liver ileum duodenum gallbladder B gallbladder duodenum ileum liver C liver duodenum ileum liver D gallbladder jejunum ileum gallbladder E gallbladder duodenum ileum gallbladder 14 Which of the following statements about slow waves is FALSE A The frequency of slow waves increases when food is detected in the GI tract B Slow waves propagate to neighboring cells via gap junctions C Slow waves ensure that a group of muscles cells can act as a unit during contraction D Slow waves are initiated in interstitial cells of cajal E A slow wave does not necessarily lead to a muscle contraction 3 15 The arrival of feces in the rectum initiates A opening of the external anal sphincter B closing of the internal anal sphincter C opening of the internal anal sphincter D a short reflex to the cephalic brain E a long reflex to the internal anal sphincter 16 In the digestive system HCO3 is secreted by whereas HCl is released from the A duct cells of the pancreas parietal cells of the stomach B parietal cells of the stomach duct cells of the pancreas C liver hepatocytes parietal cells of the stomach D pancreatic acinar cells duct cells of the pancreas E islet of Langerhans cells of the pancreas parietal cells of the stomach 17 Which of the following foods is cleared from the stomach fastest A food high in fat B food high in carbohydrates C liquid food D food high in proteins E food high in dietary fiber 18 Proteases the enzymes used to digest proteins are secreted by the A salivary glands into the mouth only B gastric glands into the stomach only C pancreas into the small intestine only D pancreas into the small intestine and gastric glands into the stomach E salivary glands into the mouth and the pancreas into the intestine 19 The release of many GI tract hormones is stimulated by a particular food or substance Which hormone is NOT paired with its stimulus A CCK acid in the stomach B secretin acid in the small intestine C motilin fasting D GIP glucose in the small intestine E gastrin peptides and amino acids 4 20 Which of the following processes is predominantly under control of the submucosal plexus A contraction of the longitudinal muscle layer of the muscularis externa B contraction of the circular muscle layer of the muscularis externa C contraction of the obliquel muscle layer of the muscularis externa D A B and C E exocrine secretions into the lumen of the GI tract 21 Salivary glands contain both types of secretory cells cells that release serous secretions and cells that release mucous secretions The exceptions are A sublingual glands that contain only serous cells B parotid glands that contain only serous cells C submandibular glands that contain only mucous cell D intrinsic salivary glands that contain only serous cells E parotid glands that contain only mucous cells 22 Which of the following digestive enzymes is located at the brushborder of epithelial cells in the small intestine A Amylase B Lipase C Pepsin D Sucrase E Trypsin 23 The cephalic phase of gastric