Slide 1Slide 2KeyboardMouseTypes of I/OInterrupt I/OInterrupt I/OProgrammed I/OProgrammed I/ODirect Memory Access I/ODMA I/OInput/ Output ProcessSlide 13Input OutputFuture of I/OInput/ OutputBy Mohit SehgalWhat is Input/Output of a Computer?•Connection with Machine•Every machine has I/O (Like a function)•In#computing,#input/output, or#I/O, refers to the communication between an#information processing system#(such as a#computer), and the outside world possibly a human, or another information processing system.KeyboardUses an arrangement of buttons or#keys, to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches.MousePointing device#that functions by detecting#two-dimensional#motion relative to its supporting surfaceTypes of I/O •Interrupt I/O•Programmed I/O•DMA I/O (Direct Memory Access)Interrupt I/OIn#computing, an#interrupt#is an#asynchronous#signal indicating the need for attention or a synchronous event in software indicating the need for a change in execution.Interrupt I/O•CPU does not need to wait•I/O Module interrupts when it is readyProgrammed I/OMethod of transferring data between the#CPU#and a peripheral such as a network adapter or an#ATA#storage deviceHappens when software running on the CPU uses instructions that access I/O address spaceProgrammed I/OCPU has control over the I/ODownfall:Uses a lot of CPU timeDirect Memory Access I/ORefers to data transfers initiated by a device to access system memoryAllows certain hardware subsystems within the computer to access system#memory#for reading and/or writing independently of the#central processing unitDMA I/ODMA controller takes over from CPU for I/ODMA takes the load from the CPUInput/ Output ProcessCPU checks I/O module device statusI/O then returns its statusCPU requests data transfer if I/O is readyI/O module gets data from deviceTransfers it to CPUOutputInput Output I/O are getting more advancedNow I/O are doing the entire transferThis takes the strain off of CPUFuture of
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