OC CHEM 121 - Analytical Chemistry: Qualitative and Quantitative Chemistry

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Analytical Chemistry: Qualitative and Quantitative ChemistrySemi-Quantitative TestIntroduction:The semi-quantitative test was conducted by using the Benedict’s test in order to determine the amount of reducing sugar found on the urine sample. When it is heated, its color changes and through this process, we can identify the quantity of the sugar present in the solution. On the other hand, the Sulfosalicylic acid test was used to determine the urine protein content by measuring its turbidity.Materials: - Test tubes- Test tube rack- Test tube holder- Casserole- Disposable pipette- Benedict’s Reagent- Sulfosalicylic Acid- A, B and C (urine) samples- Hot plateProcedures: I. Benedict’s Test1. Pour 1mL of urine sample on the test tube. 2. Put 2 ml Benedict’s reagent3. H2O bath for five (5) minutes4. Grade the reaction.II. Sulfosalicylic Acid Test1. Pour 2mL of urine sample on the test tube.2. Put 2mL SSA.3. Mix by inversion.4. Grade the turbidity by using a paper with lines.Results and Conclusion:By using the Benedict’s test, the urine sample changed its color into yellow precipitate after boiling which indicates that it is graded as 2+ (++). On the other hand, the Sulfosalicylic Acid Test resulted (1+) also which means that it is turbid and we can still see the lines through. Therefore, we can conclude that these tests are significant in determining the amount of reducing sugars and proteins that can be found in a urine sample. Guide Questions1. What are semi-quantitative tests? Inorganic semi-quantitative test usually refers to a systematic procedure using specific chemical reactions to confirm whether certain ions or other elements are present and, approximately, in what concentrations.Source: http://www.federica.unina.it/agraria/analytical-chemistry/semiquantitative-analysis/2. Compare and contrast semi-quantitative and quantitative tests. Both tests are used to determine and measure the amount of a particular substancein a sample. However, semi-quantitative tests does not guarantee the precise measurement of the substance present in the sample. Thus, the quantitative test aims to confirm the absolute or exact amount of substance present in the sample.3. Give other examples of semi-quantitative tests used in the clinical lab. Urine dipsticks - The dipstick test uses a thin plastic strip treated with chemicals. It's dipped into your urine, and the chemicals on the stick react and change color if levels are above normal. ... If the acid is above normal, you could have kidney stones, a urinary tract infection or another condition. (Source: https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/qa/what-does-a-dipstick-urinalysis-check-for) Tablet tests for ketones - used for the semi-quantitative determination of ketones (acetoacetic acid and acetone) in urine, serum, plasma and whole blood(Source: https://www.ekfusa.com/chemistry_range/nitro-tab-ketone-tablets/) Serological agglutination procedures - laboratory method to check for certain antibodies or antigens in a variety of body fluids including saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, or blood(Source:


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OC CHEM 121 - Analytical Chemistry: Qualitative and Quantitative Chemistry

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