CASE STUDY 2 QUESTION TEMPLATEPart 11) What types of physiological problems do humans encounter at high altitude? Headache, dizziness, nausea.2) What symptoms did the climbers exhibit that might be related to altitude? Explain. The climber could not catch their breath. This is because the body is not able to take in oxygen as well as it should.gfv3) Compare the air at 18,000 feet (atmospheric pressure 280 mm Hg) to the air at sea level (760 mm Hg). What specific changes in the primary atmospheric gases (N2, O2, CO2) might occur? Are they significant? These changes are significant. The available oxygen is around 10% higher at sea level.4) What is the specific pulmonary response to high altitude? [Assume you are considering a subject at rest.] The heart will pump harder to get more blood to the body to return to normal amounts of oxygen.5) How will this response affect overall blood gases? What about oxygen loading and unloading from hemoglobin (in lungs and tissues, respectively)? Explain how you arrived at your conclusions. Less oxygen to the hemoglobin.6) After breathing at altitude for a few days, the body normally begins producing more 2,3 DPG. What is the significance of this change? How will it affect the pulmonary changes observed? It will allow you to breathe easier at high altitude.Part 21) What physiological changes is Emily referring to (above) that will occur when someone lives at altitude for an extended period? The body will make more RBCs2) How are these changes advantageous? It allows more oxygen to get to tissues.3) What is the specific physiological pathway that results in the changes described? Kidney detects low oxygen and releases eurythropoietin to create more rbcsPart 31) How would the oxygen and Gamow bag help Mark? Forces o2 in blood.2) If you were a member of the medical team examining Mark, what types of tests would you run? Why? [Try to focus on what types of things you would like to measure, whether or not you know of a possible test for them.]RBC count, blood gasses3) What types of results do you expect to find? Explain your reasoning. Low oxygen due to the body trying to catch upPart 41) Are the results are you expected? What values agree/disagree Yes2) Which lab values appear to represent the most serious problem Mark is having? Is his situation life-threatening? Low arterial oxygen/normal alveoli oxygen3) Compare the results of Alveolar Oxygen Tension to Arterial Oxygen levels. What might cause this type of discrepancy? Oxygen is not able to diffuse4) Overall, what do these findings tell you about possible diagnoses for Mark’s condition? Pulmonary