Chapter 11 Notecard

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4 regions where ¾ work industrial production in concentrated? eastern NA, north western Europe, east Asia, eastern Europe Industrial Revolution? United Kingdom, late 1700 cottage industry? home based manufacturing main source of power for steam engine? coal first industry to increase production through use of steam engine? iron industrial region in Europe proximity as most significant asset? Mid-Rhine bulk reducing industries? inputs weigh more than final products ex. copper and steel situation costs? costs of transportation, want cheapest ones to minimize transportation costs most important factor for choosing location for automobile? proximity to market modes of transportation used in industry? Truck- short distance, quick Trains- longer, coast to coast, don’t stop Ships- very long distance, oceans Air- most expensive, speed, small bulk, high value break-of-bulk points? location where change of transportation takes place; steel mill- seaport, ship to train site factors? land, labor, capital most important location factor for Al manufacturers? land- environmental factors require large amount of energy, near dams to take advantage of energy industries most dependent on low-cost labor? textiles US Gulf Coast become important industrial area? oil and natural gas made there industrial areas outside NA and Europe become important? closer and more natural resources 1980/90’s which country most rapid decline in steel? US western european country had most rapid manufacturing growth? northeastern Spain Italian Po river basin good industry? oldest/most important, ⅔ country industry, cheaper labor, energy can be used from the river for production/manufacturing main industrial areas in world? Europe, NA, east Asia characteristics of Post-Fordist production? lean and flexible production approach; teams, problem solving, leveling outsourcing? turning over responsibility for production to individual suppliers; parts made cheaper and better mining region most varied mineral deposits? ural mountains Asian companies more successful in US than US companies in Asia? Asian business executives know more about US culture two location factors that encourage industries to remain in northeastern US and northwestern Europe? skilled labor and rapid delivery to market largest labor force employed in manufacturing? China break-of-bulk point: a location where transfer is possible from one mode of transportation to another bulk-gaining industry: an industry in which the final product weighs more or compromises a greater volume than the inputs bulk-reducing industry: an industry in which the final product weighs less or compromises a lower volume than the inputs cottage industry: manufacturing based in homes rather than in a factory Fordist production: form of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform repeatedly Industrial Revolution: a series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods labor-intensive industry- an industry for which labor costs comprise a high percentage of total expenses maquiladora- factories built by US companies in Mexico near the US border new international division of labor- transfer of some jobs from more developed to less developed countries outsourcing: a decision by a corporation to turn over much of the responsibility for production to independent suppliers post-fordist production: adoption by companies of flexible work rules right-to-work state: a US state that has passed a law preventing a union and company from negotiating a contract that requires workers to join a union as a condition of employment site factors: location factors related to the costs of factors of production inside the plant situation factors: location factors related to the transportation of materials into and from a factory textile: a fabric made by weaving, used in making


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Chapter 11 Notecard

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