Module 34Understand how live agents can transmit disease:Be able to define what zoonotic diseases areDiseases found primarily in animals but transmissible to humansDefine enzootic and epizootic- Enzootic- infectious disease that regularly affects an animal population- Epizootic- a disease that is temporarily prevalent in an animal populationWhat are typical vectors- Insects- fleas and mosquitos, ticksHow are they beneficial to the pathogenPathogens transmitted by vectors can easily get past protective physical barriersExplain what a dead-end host isA host that can be infected with a disease but can not further spread the diseaseUnderstand the major Rickettsia diseases that are discussed:Know the pathogen for each disease and what the vector is- Rocky mountain spotted fever- tick, pathogen is Rickettsia rickettsii- Typhus- head lice, pathogen Rickettsia prowazekiiDescribe how Rickettsia spread through the hostPathogens avoid normal immune defense by being injected directly into the bloodstreamHow did Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever get its nameFirst recognized in the Rocky Mountains in IdahoDescribe the vector and pathogen that causes Typhus- Vector- head lice- Pathogen- Rickettsia prowazekiiWhy is vector control effective in preventing disease transmissionVector control is used to reduces disease ratesAppreciate the significance of vector-transmitted Lyme disease and plague:Recognize the vector for each of these diseases- Lyme disease- dear tick- Plague- fleasBe able to identify the pathogens for these diseases- Lyme disease- Borrelia burgdorferi- Plague- Yersinia pestis How does plague get transmitted from wild rodents to humansFleasKnow the differences between each of the three forms of the plague- Bubonic plague- Lymph nodes, 3-7 days after exposure the host develops flu-like symptoms, mortality if untreated 30-90%, with treatment =10% (Lymph nodes)- Pneumonic plague- Infection of the lungs. Transmitted via inhalation of aerosolized bacteria or progression of septicemic infections (lungs)- Septicemic plague- bacterium spread directly into bloodstream. Death occurs before diagnosis can be made (bacteremia)Understand the major soil borne disease discussed in class:Know the major reservoir of Clostridium tetani and how this can cause disease- Spores germinate in anoxic conditions of deep puncture wounds - Growth and production of tetanus toxin results in spastic
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