PSYC 2700 Lecture 19Outline of Last LectureI. Historical PerspectiveII. CharacteristicsIII. Apparent Change IncidentIV. Genetic BasisV. Training ApproachesOutline of Current LectureVI. Operant Speech approach (Lovaas)VII. Manual sign studiesVIII. PEC (Picture Exchange Communication System)IX. Neurobiology of AutismCurrent LectureCommunication and AutismI. Operant Speech Training (Lovaas)a. Early studies and their determinationsi. Would give reward to encourage good behavior and ignore or punish bad behavior.ii. Would punish by not giving the reward to the child or even administering an electric shock. iii. Observation was later made that screaming or throwing a tantrum could be the result of not being able to communicate. Shocking them was punishing them for communication.b. Later studies and improvementsi. Lovaas was criticized because his study could not be replicated with success. He took thecriticism to heart and made improvements.ii. Children were only using their skills in the testing setting, and they were not generating utterances spontaneously.iii. Lovaas improved study by expanding it and generalizing it to more settings so that it would be more useful.II. Manual Sign Studiesa. Creedon-i. She was working at a hospital and assumed a nonverbal child was deaf so she was signing to him. ii. She realized he was autistic and had picked up a number of signs. iii. To follow up, work was done in teaching young autistic children to sign. b. Bonvilliani. Worked with Gloria Laderman with signing and autistic children. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.ii. Child who was classified as extremely and “hopelessly” autistic made extreme progress in signing over a number of years. Although it was not the same learning curve of a healthy child learning to sign, it was still
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