FA18 IN MICR J210 23053 Exam 1 Page 1 of 16 J210 Microbiology & Immunology September 17, 2018 Examination 1 INSTRUCTIONS: 1. DO NOT START THE EXAM UNTIL YOU HAVE BEEN GIVEN THE GO-AHEAD. 2. Locate your answer sheet and print your last name and first name in the boxes at the top. 3. On your answer sheet write your Student identification number in the boxes indicated and fill in the according bubbles. Make sure you use 10 digits (if your Student ID has only 7 digits, the first three would be 000). 4. Grading: Questions 1 to 35 are worth 2 points each. Questions 36 to 70 are worth 1 point each which include 5 bonus points on this exam. Points will be awarded for a single correct answer. Your score will be accumulated points (a perfect score is 105 points). 5. Both sides of this question paper are printed; make sure you answer all 70 questions. 6. You have from 8:10 A.M. to 9:40 A.M. for this exam. All answer sheets are due at 9:40 A.M., even if you arrived late. 7. An answer key will be posted on Canvas within about 2-3 hours following the exam. You are encouraged to write on this question sheet and retain it after the exam to compare your responses. Once the key has been posted, examination questions will be discussed by the Canvas Discussion forum only. 8. Individual scores will be posted on Canvas before the next class.FA18 IN MICR J210 23053 Exam 1 Page 2 of 16 Part A: Multiple choice questions (1 through 35). Select the one choice which best answers the question or completes the sentence. 2 points each. 1. Which is the smallest unit of measurement listed below? A) Centimeters B) Millimeters C) Nanometers D) Inches E) Micrometers 2. The process by which microbes migrate towards a food source is known as ____. A) phototaxis B) diffusion C) chemotaxis D) osmosis E) active transport 3. Which is the least likely way for a newborn baby to acquire commensal microbes? A) Commensal microbes cross the placenta during pregnancy. B) Staphylococcus epidermis is transferred from the mother and hospital staff to the newborn after delivery. C) Microorganisms grow in the respiratory tract after the baby's first breath. D) Microbes enter the nose and mouth when the baby is in the birth canal. E) The first residential microbiota are established in the colon after the first meal. 4. Which of the following structures is associated with Gram-negative bacteria, but not Gram-positive? A) Lipopolysaccharide B) Peptidoglycan C) Fimbriae D) Flagella E) 70s ribosomes 5. Which of the following is not considered a virulence factor in bacteria? A) Endotoxin B) Ribosome C) Fimbriae D) Capsule E) ExotoxinFA18 IN MICR J210 23053 Exam 1 Page 3 of 16 6. Which of the following microscope types are suitable for evaluating Gram-stained bacteria? A) Light microscope B) Transmission electron microscope C) Scanning electron microscope D) Both A and C E) Both B and C 7. Bacterial fimbriae can be all of the following, except ___. A) A means of locomotion B) An appendage C) A means of transmitting genetic information D) A means of attachment to a host E) A virulence determinant 8. Lipid A is a component of ____. A) lipopolysaccharide B) plasma membrane C) flagella D) peptidoglycan E) fimbriae 9. Possession of which key enzyme allow microaerophiles to grow at low oxygen concentrations? A) DNA polymerase B) ATP synthase C) Superoxide dismutase D) Catalase E) Glutathione peroxidase 10. Targets of the most selective antibiotics against fungi: A) DNA replication B) Protein synthesis C) Ergosterol biosynthesis D) Folic acid biosynthesis E) RNA transcriptionFA18 IN MICR J210 23053 Exam 1 Page 4 of 16 11. In Griffith's experiment, mice were injected with a mixture of both, heat-killed smooth, and live rough, strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The mice died because A) The live cells had pili B) Some of the heat-killed cells were still alive C) A gene was transferred from the dead bacteria into the live ones D) Phage carried a gene into the live bacteria E) The rough bacteria mutated to the smooth form 12. The product of glycolysis that either feeds into the Krebs cycle or undergoes fermentation is called ____. A) Propionic acid B) NADH C) Glucose D) Lactate E) Pyruvate 13. Find the mismatched pair below comparing an antibiotic target and whether a drug would likely be bactericidal or bacteriostatic. A) Protein synthesis (translation) – Bacteriostatic B) Antimetabolites – Bacteriostatic C) Membrane inhibitors – Bacteriostatic D) DNA Replication – Bactericidal E) RNA Transcription – Bactericidal 14. When considering antimicrobials, the term “selective toxicity” refers to whether a drug is more toxic ____ A) topically rather than systemic. B) to one person than another. C) to microbes rather than people. D) to one organ than another. E) to one microbe than another. 15. Which of the following cellular components is not associated with prokaryotes? A) Flagellin B) RNA polymerase C) Peptidoglycan D) Microtubules E) Cell membraneFA18 IN MICR J210 23053 Exam 1 Page 5 of 16 16. In the 1880s Robert Koch described a series of sequential steps which must be taken to prove the cause of an infectious disease. Place the following statements (i to iv) constituting Koch's Postulates in the correct order. i. When the suspected causative agent is introduced to a healthy experimental host, this host must get the disease. ii. The suspected causative agent must be found in the diseased experimental host. iii. The suspected causative agent must be present in every case of the disease and absent from healthy hosts. iv. The suspected causative agent must be isolated and grown outside the host. A) iii, i, iv, ii B) iii, iv, i, ii C) i, ii, iii, iv D) ii, iv, i, iii E) iv, iii, i, ii 17. Which medical procedure carries the highest risk of nosocomial infection in US hospitals? A) Hyperalimentation (feeding tube) B) Endotracheal entubation (breathing tube) C) Surgical procedures D) Intravenous catheterization E) Bladder catheterization 18. Ignaz Semmelweiss is known for A) Refuting Aristotle's spontaneous generation theory B) Development of the taxonometric system C) Development of sterile technique D) Advocating handwashing in hospitals E)