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UMass Amherst KIN 460 - Lab 9

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DATA COLLECTIONObjectiveConditionsData AnalysisSensorimotor Adaptation KIN 460 – Motor Control Lab Lab 9 Lab 9: Motor learning with prism adaptation Sensorimotor adaptation INTRODUCTION We have a constant stream of information from different sensory modalities to the brain that allow us to correct our movements. Following a movement, we can use this information to improve our performance of the next movement. For example, when throwing a dart, you can make corrections to the configuration of your hand, elbow and shoulder of your next throw, based on the “error” of your last throw. This type of trial-and-error motor learning is important for appropriate corrections to your posture and gait (for example, when you face an unusual environment such as walking on ice). PURPOSE To study trial-and-error motor learning to a visual perturbation in a throwing task. DATA COLLECTION Objective To hit the center of the grid with the ball Record area on grid that each throw hits for all 60 trials (A1, D4, etc) Conditions BASELINE: 20 trials without prism glasses on PRISM: 20 trials with prism glasses on (okay to wear over regular glasses/contacts) AFTER: 20 trials without prism glasses on Students are broken into groups of 4-5: The scribe (writes down test results read by catcher) The pitcher The catcher (catches the ball when it bounces back and reads the square hit by the pitcher.) Each student will participate in each task role. Each group will use the data from all of their subjects. Get a minimum of five subjects worth of data. Feel free to steal from other groups. Calculate an error score for each throw as the horizontal distance from your throw to the center - error scores are positive for throws to the right of center, negative for throws to the left. Each box is approximately 10 centimeters wide. Record your data in increments of 5 centimeters (best estimate). Record your data into a single column in excel with the column header as (Sub1, Sub2, and Sub3 etc) and a space (single cell, shifting the row down) between the conditions. This way, your data from all three conditions (baseline, prism, and after) will make a single column vector for each subject.Sensorimotor Adaptation KIN 460 – Motor Control Lab Lab 9 Data Analysis DATA PRESENTATION 1. Each of your subjects should now have their own column vector of data points that is 60 data points long (with two empty cells separating the conditions). 2. Make an additional column and use this to calculate the average of the group across the columns. This should be a group average on a per-throw (or trial) basis. 3. Graph each subject’s data as a scatter plot with x-axis as trial number (no lines for individual data, just make the dots different colors for each subject). First, make a scatterplot for the “Sub1” data. Then add the “Sub2”, “Sub3”, and then add the “Group Average” data to the existing scatterplot as a smooth line scatter plot without markers in a thick black line. 4. The x-axis should be trial number. The y-axis should be error score in cm (remember that the error score has a direction). 5. Include a legend that indicates which colors are for each of the subjects and the line for the group average. a. Include x-axis labels for each of the condition phases (i.e. baseline, Adapt, Washout) of your data b. (Refer to figure from Martin et al., 1996 on page 2 for graph set up.) QUESTIONS FOR THE REPORT 1. Describe error-based, or trial-and-error learning and how that relates to this experiment. 2. How might you determine that the nervous system has made an update to the motor behavior related to throwing based on this experiment? Justify your answer with a reference to your data. 3. How do we know our subjects adapted to the prism goggles and didn’t just learn to counteract the visuomotor rotation? Justify your answer by giving an example of what the post-adaptation period data should look like if the nervous system DID NOT ADAPT. 4. Successful trial-and-error motor learning critically depends on the integrity of which part of the brain? Martin et al. 1996: “Horizonal locations of throw impact points displayed sequentially be trial number. Deviations to the left are negative values (cm), deviations to the right are positive values (cm). First trial wearing prism glasses caused the ball to impact 60cm to the left of center. Figure, Martin et al.,


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UMass Amherst KIN 460 - Lab 9

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