Wk 01 - Four Sides Of Movies.pdfWk 02 - Literary Design Summary.pdfWk 03 - Performance Summary.pdfWk 04 - Visual Design Summary.pdfWk 05 - Composition Summary.pdfWk 06 - Temporal Design Summary.pdfFilm as Technology, Business, Art/Entertainment, and Cultural ProductAspect Detail MeaningTechnology Six major developments for “reproduction of life in motion:- Persistence of Vision- Still Photography- Motion Picture Camera- Film Stock - The Printer- The Motion Picture ProjectionThe scientific spirit of the 19th century led to the rise of a number of inventions occurring simultaneously in different parts of the world.See page 5 of your readers for the timeline of these developments. On page 9, you can find the detailed description of these technologies and optical devices (ie. Thaumatrope, zoetrope etc.)Business- Business Triumvirate: Producers, distributors, exhibitors- Transition of films from vaudeville shows to their own venues (ie. Nickelodeon-1905, Movie Palaces-1914, movie theaters)Try to keep these questions in mind when thinking the business side of the films: Why did the movies become so popular? What did this popularity lead to? What kind of an influence does increasing urbanization have on this popularity? What did movies mean to the lower classes?Entertainment/Art Art vs. Entertainment- “All art is entertainment, but not all entertainment is art.”Paradoxes of Film as Art:- Film is collaborative, art is mostly the product of individual- Technology is impersonal, but art is personal- Film as a business is driven by profit- Film is for masses, but art has to challenge and transcend timeFilm contains seven traditional art forms: Literature, theater, painting, dance, architecture, sculpture, music.There is also an industrial aspect to the film as a technology since it requires the collaboration of different agents and elements. Entertainment/art aspect of films might affect the technology and the business aspects by instigating technological advancements (ie. Star Wars).Keep in mind that the business aspect might influence entertainment/art when economic decisions are prioritized in film making rather than the artistic ones (Singin' In the Rain-Broadway Ballet)Cultural Product- The social dimension- Cultural DimensionThe films are both from and about society and culture. They are influenced by the culture and they influence culture in return. Films reveal clues about the society and the culture they are produced in.Literary Design – Key Concepts Aspect Detail Meaning Script (a.k.a. screenplay or scenario) Writer’s script – the blueprint Shooting/Director’s script – includes notes on blocking, camera movement, music, etc The Text / The Film Itself – what you see on screen The Published Script – Transcribed from finished film instead of writers’ script The first thing put in place, the script gets the production started. There are two types: Original (written directly for the screen) and Adaptations (based on preexisting material). Adaptations can be considered Loose, Faithful or Strict depending on how closely they hew to the source material. Elements of a Script Characters Dialogue Action Setting (where and when) Actors directly affect three of these categories (not Setting). Film Authorship Potential authors: Screenwriter, actors, directors, genre conventions, culture, audiences, etc… Due to the many voices in film development, production, post-production and reception, you cannot easily call any one person, including the writer, a film’s “author.” Literary Determinations Title – audience’s first instance of meaning Subject – what the film is about Theme – attitude toward subject; reason for telling Story/Plot/Narrative Dramatic Structure - (Linear/Episodic/Thematic) Configuration/Arrangement Characters Setting Temporal (Period/Duration/Season) & Spatial (place/location) Literary determinations are those things that the writer brings to the text. Story is a chronological, chosen sequence of connected events with cause/effects in a setting. Plot is the series of story events in the order that they are presented in the film. Narrative also includes the framing or style chosen to tell the story. Some information that does not advance the story might be included. Aristotelian elements of plot 1) Cause and effect… events happen for a reason, have repercussions 2) Connection in time and space…. Creates an impression of continuity 3) Involves a character who has a goal/dream…. (protagonist) The protagonist performs Actions… progression toward goal or regression (conflict) Antagonist – opposing force; stands in way of protagonist 4) Suspense… Actions are arranged to create/sustain audience interest 5) Unity – A sense of coherence… nothing included feels too extraneous to plot/action 6) An ending/closure (often heterosexual coupling or dictated by genre) Point of View Omniscient (God-like vantage; not tethered to any one character) First Person – Inside (from the perspective of a character inside the story) First Person – Outside (from the perspective of a character outside the story… e.g. narrator) Third Person (Follows experience of main character; usually limits our perspective to that character’s perspective) Multiple (Multiple main characters) Generally, ask yourself: “Whose eyes are we seeing the story through?” “Through who does the audience experience plot twists and turns?” “Which character is transformed by the story’s end?” Pay attention to camera placement in relation to characters. Additional Devices Motifs – meaningful repetition Metaphor – implied comparisons; a thing stands for something else Symbol – a thing that stands for both itself and more than itself Allusion – a reference outside the work generates meaning Devices used by screenwriters to add subtext.Performance:+Transporting+human+behavior/interactions+to+the+filmic+form.+++Aspect+Detail+Meaning+Representation++of+the+Script+• Dialogue+realized+via+the+‘voice’+(words,+intonatio n ,+pa u se s/ p a ce ,+vo lu me,+silence/reaction)+• Body+(action=plot;+gesture=enhances+character;+business=not+plotFrelated;+facial+expression/reactions)+• Character+realized+through+actor’s+properties+(physicality,+personality,+talent,+mytho logy) +• Persona+(“mask;”+combination+of+actor’s+properties—see+above)+Interpretation+of+the +story