Unit 1 Sociology 100 Notes Sociology: study of what is invisible, human behavior in society The sociological perspective ● The sociological perspective- understand human behavior by placing it within its broader social context ● C. Wright Mills- studying the link between history and biography ● External influences our experiences are a part of our thinking and motivation ● Social location- the places people are located in society ○ Jobs, income , education ○ Gender , sex ○ Region ○ Age ○ Race ● Different things expected of people based on social location!March 23rd, 2018Introduction to the Sociological Perspective Sociology in everyday life ● Seinfeld: the close-talker ● Fox’s “The Swan” ● NFL: football fans in Green Bay vs. Dallas ● Culture: Boulder vs. Greely ● The social organization of UNC (bureaucracy) ● Symbolism of collegiate athletic pride ○ Hook-em horns, guns up, gig ‘em ● Tattoos with meaning, wearing a Trump t-shirt, or Obama, music bands, : Friend or ally or enemy. ● How do tattoos reflect to symbolism? Symbolic interaction Intro to Sociology: The Big Three and their Theories Methods: Intro to Sociology Objectives: ❖ Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim and Max Weber. ❖ Conflict theory, Functionalism, and Symbolic Interactionism ❖ Apply all to a social problem - Divorce ★★ Marx - Alienation ★★ Durkheim - Anamoy★★ Weber - Rationalization Levels of Sociological Analysis: Micro and Macro ● Micro: social interaction in small-scale patterns ○ Symbolic interactionists ○ Face-to-face conversation ● Macro: large-scale patterns of society ○ Conflict and Functional theorists ■ Tax system ■ Access to education 1st Theory: “The Big Three” Sociologists ● Karl Marx, Emile, & Max Weber ● Sociologist: Karl Marx ● Theory: Conflict ○ Revolutionary ○ Analyzed exploitation of the working class by capitalists ○ He did not consider himself to be a sociologist ■ Do not teach Marx in an honest way, presented different than what he really is. ■ Social media and society give a negative input to Marxism. ● Class conflict ○ Workers are oppressed by employers ○ Small groups control means of production ○ Alienation: being removed from the product of one’s labor ○ Class conflict:  Bourgeoisie exploit Proletariat, which results in conflict. Alienation ... “from Labor” “From each other” “From full human potential” “From self” ^^^Use these for Conflict Theory^^^ Bourgeoisie Proletariats Use for the paper Alienated from the profit of your labor. ● False Consciousness: When your blind from the structural reality. Blind to the structural reality of your society○ Oprah Winfrey ○ Barack Obama ● Class Consciousness: Proletariats Realize similar position to the means of production that unite and get rid of Bourgeoisie ○ Whites who support Trump. Conflict Theory ● Conflict Theory: Society is composed of groups in competition for scarce resources ● Karl Marx: ○ “The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.” ● Envisioned a communist society to replace the capitalist class structure ● There has never been a marxist society in our world. Yale University (video example) ● Invest to make growth ● Focusing on making more instead of school quality. ● Make billions and they pay nothing to the government (property tax) ● Stealing from the poor to make the rich- richer ❖ Religious organizations don’t pay taxes. ● Conflict Theory & Divorce ● Study those in power ● Divorce rates: ○ According to a conflict theorist: ■ Women have always been su 2nd Theory The big three: ● Sociologist: Emile Durkheim ● Theory: Functionalism ○ Durkheim helped establish sociology as an academic discipline. ○ Saw society in terms of “function” ○ Famous study on suicide ○ Results of suicide: social integration ● Females had lower rates of suicide ● Males had higher rates of suicide ○ Males who are protestants, higher rates ● Also rich people would commit more suicide ● Also rural people ● Egoism: lack of social integration. ● Anomie: Breaking down of the norms and values of society○ People are left without proper moral guidance ○ Their desires are no longer regulated by social norms ○ Thus, people are deviant ■ Example: People who talk behind the computer but won’t talk face to face. ■ Isolated ● Face to face: good social manner and when alone you become more mean, telling that grandma off bc she cut you off in traffic. Because of anomie everything moves too fast. Emile Durkheim ● Social integration: degree to which people are tied to their social group ● Human behavior cannot be understood by only looking at the individual. ● Functional analysis: society is a whole unit; made up of interrelated parts that work together ● Society is like a “living organism” ● There was a more humane system ○ The community was policing Parsons Six Social Systems ● Education ● Media ● Economy/ Politics ● Health Care ● Religion ● Family/Neighborhood ○ Works together Strain Theory: When you do not have the institutional means to achieve culturally defined goals you become deviant.!!!! Ex). Chicago south side: People have no access to these things and that’s why there’s so much violence. We see all this deviance. Theory: Functionalism ● Later- Robert Merton ○ Manifest function: intended ○ Latent function: unintended Ex.) Criminal Justice system ● Main purpose? To deter crime (manifest function) ● Consequence? Creates jobs!! (Latent function) March 26th, 2018How would functionalist theory explain divorce? ❖❖ Ben Stein Clip talks about Functionalism: Morals, values, what’s breaking us apart? Functional Analysis & Divorce ● Divorce rates: ○ According to functionalist: ■ Family used to function as an economic whole ■ Today, families seek external support ● Jobs, grocery store, schools, churches ■ Marriages become more fragile ● Outsourced 3rd Theory: Symbolic Interactionism (SI)● Symbolic Interactionism: the study of how people use symbols to communicate● How do we define ourselves?○