Chapter 1—Introduction to PsychologyMULTIPLE CHOICE1. Psychology is defined as:a. the scientific investigation of thought processesb. the understanding of abnormal behaviorc. the scientific study of behavior and mindd. the study of mental illness and inner feelingsANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: Defining and Describing Psychology2. The word psychology comes from the Greek psyche, which translates as:a. humanb. mindc. sould. behaviorANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: Defining and Describing Psychology3. Pavlov was:a. a famous Greek philosopherb. a trained psychologistc. not famed in psychologyd. not a trained psychologistANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: Defining and Describing Psychology4. Before the field of psychology became an independent science, the study of the mind was conducted mainly by:a. philosophers and physiologistsb. psychiatrists and philosophersc. physiologists and psychiatristsd. scientists and physiciansANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: Defining and Describing Psychology5. Psychology and philosophy may deal with similar issues, but psychology:a. emphasizes the use of the scientific methodb. developed before philosophyc. studies only behavior, not the mindd. studies abnormal behavior rather than normal behaviorANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: Defining and Describing Psychology6. Psychologists separate behavior from mind in defining psychology because:a. only behavior can be studied scientificallyb. only behavior can be directly measured by an objective observerc. only the mind can be studied scientificallyd. modern psychology focuses on the study of behavior, rather than the study of mental eventsANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: conceptual REF: Defining and Describing Psychology7. Psychologists use the term behavior to refer:a. only to obvious actions, such as moving about or talkingb. only to physiological processes, such as the activity of the brain cellsc. to anything that can be observed and measured in a systematic wayd. to anything people or animals do or experienceANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: Defining and Describing Psychology 8. The general job description of a psychologist can be divided into three main categories. Which of the following is NOT one of them?a. applied psychologistb. eclectic psychologistc. clinical psychologistd. research psychologistANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: Defining and Describing Psychology MSC: New 9. A clinical psychologist:a. extends the principles of psychology to practical, everyday problems in the real worldb. conducts experiments in an attempt to discover the basic principles of behavior and mindc. is a medical doctor specializing in psychological problemsd. diagnoses and treats psychological problemsANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: What Psychologists Do10. Which of the following is NOT true about clinical psychologists?a. they work in clinics or in private practiceb. they have a Ph.D. in psychologyc. they routinely prescribe medicationsd. they diagnose and treats psychological problemsANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: What Psychologists Do11. Which of the following is NOT true about clinical psychologists?a. They work in clinics or in private practice.b. They have a medical degree.c. They diagnose psychological problems.d. They treat psychological problems.ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: What Psychologists Do12. Rueben is a clinical psychologist. While he is at work, Rueben probably spends time:a. using scientific principles to solve practical, everyday problemsb. delivering human services such as psychotherapy or counselingc. prescribing medications to patients to treat mental illnessd. working with students in primary and secondary schoolsANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: applied REF: What Psychologists Do13. Danielle is a counseling psychologist. While she is at work, Danielle probably spends time:a. solving practical problems in the real worldb. trying to discover basic principles of behavior and mindc. working with individuals who have psychological disordersd. providing advice on adjustment problemsANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: applied REF: What Psychologists Do14. Harry works in a clinic where he often helps couples work through adjustment problems. Harry would most likely be classified as:a. an applied psychologistb. a counseling psychologistc. a clinical psychologistd. a psychiatristANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: applied REF: What Psychologists Do15. Juan is a counseling psychologist, and his sister Carmen is a clinical psychologist. The main difference between them would be that Juan:a. typically sees patients who have more severe problems than the patientsCarmen seesb. can prescribe drugs in most states, while Carmen cannot prescribe drugsc. typically sees patients who have less severe problems than the patients Carmen seesd. cannot prescribe drugs, while Carmen can prescribe drugs in most statesANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: applied REF: What Psychologists DoMSC: New16. A psychiatrist is:a. someone who can train psychologists but not practice independentlyb. someone who extends psychological principles to practical, everyday problemsc. someone who uses experiments to discover basic principles of behavior and mindd. someone with a medical degree specializing in psychological problemsANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: What Psychologists Do17. A medical doctor specializing in psychological problems is also called:a. a clinical psychologistb. a psychiatristc. an applied psychologistd. a research psychologistANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: factual REF: What Psychologists Do18. Dan is a psychiatrist. While he is at work, Dan probably spends time:a. prescribing drugs for patients with psychological problemsb. working with engineers on the design of new productsc. using scientific principles to solve practical, everyday problemsd. conducting experiments or collecting and analyzing dataANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: applied REF: What Psychologists Do19. Stanley just graduated from medical school and plans to specialize in the treatment of mental disorders. Stanley would most likely be classified as:a. a clinical psychologistb. an applied psychologistc. a research psychologistd. a psychiatristANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: applied REF: What Psychologists Do20. Margaret works in a clinic, and often has clients with mental disorders referred to her so that appropriate mediation can be prescribed. Margaret would most likely be classified as:a. a clinical psychologistb. a psychiatristc. an applied psychologistd. a research psychologistANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: applied REF: What Psychologists Do21. An applied