UNC-Chapel Hill MCRO 251 - Exam 2 MCRO (49 pages)

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Assigned animations Chapter 14 ALL Antiviral activity of Interferon Presence of viral material in cell signals to produce interferon Interferon leaves cell attaches to receptors of cells nearby same type Cell now infected by virus and release more viruses to infect nearby cell Nearby cell has interferon can make enzyme to degrade mRNA and prevent protein synthesis o Virus can enter cell but viral replication prevented Activation of Complement Complement serum protein o Activates inflammation causes cell lysis and participates in opsonization C1 C9 major component o Name by order discover not which they function Compliment cascade activated by classical pathway or alternative Classical pathway o C1 activated when binds to antigen antibody complex o C1 cleave c2 into c2 a b o C4 into c4a b o C2b andc4b protease C3 convertase cleaves c3 into c3 a b Alternative pathway o Atigens react with C3b o C3a b are formed from C3 w o activation destroyed o C3b reacts with proteins factor b and factor d and properdin form C3 convertase Both pathways follow same sequence after cleavge of C3 C3 stimulates inflammation Microorganism with C3b bound to surface are more susceptible of phagocytosis Coding of bacteria to make them more susceptible to phagocytosis opsonization C5 a enhances inflammation C5b reacts with other to form membrane attack causes hole and cell to lyse Functions of Complement C3a inflammation o Induce change to walls of vessel C5a attraction of neutrophils o Induces chemotactic migration of phagocyte to site of complement activation C3b opsonization o Binds to microbial cells making them more susceptible to phagocytosis C5b C6 C7 C8 C9 cell lysis o Makes hole in cell membrane lysis Toll like receptors to give an overview above your paygrade info Phagocytosis Attracted by chemical product of organism 1 Phagocyte attaches to microorganism from surface receptors antibodies lipopolysaccharide and complement receptors Microorganism engulfed by phagocyte into vacuum