Inflammation1. What are the five cardinal signs of inflammation? 2. What is colloid osmotic pressure? Hydrostatic pressure? 3. What chemokine released by mast cells upon interaction with a pathogen contributes to increased hydrostatic pressure and localized edema? 4. Why would you not want to get injured by a Punji stick (or poop stick)? How could this contribute to more intense inflammation? 5. Be familiar with the roles of the different inflammation mediators: bradykinin, C3, C5a, Plasmin, Thrombin, Factor XII (Hageman Factor), bradykinin, PGI2 (prostacyclin).6. Know the kinin system and its pathway of activation. 7. What is the difference between transudate and exudate? 8. Role of prostaglandin E2, Leukotriene B4, histamine, bradykinin in inflammation? 9. Describe the process the leads to the emigration of leukocytes at the area of injury. (Be sure to include: margination, cytokines (TNF, IL-1), P-selectins, E-selectins integrin, diapedesis)10. What is a NET? How are neutrophil stimulated to produce a NET?11. Now the pathway to produced prostaglandins and leukotrienes 12. What was the issue with Vioxx behind its removal from market? 13. How do NSAIDs work? Know the different cyclooxygenases? What is a major drawback of COX-1 inhibition? 14. What role doe Sialyl Lewis X play in margination?15. What are chemokines?16. What are DAMPS? Example?17. What is the precursor for eicosanoid synthesis?18. What are acute phase proteins19. Know the roles of the following: IL-8, IL-6, TLR, NF-kB, C-reactive peptide, C5a, LTB4, C3b,C3a, IL-10, Monocyte-CSF.20. Know the beneficial effects as well has harmful effects of inflammation Wound Healing21. What are the three phases of wound healing? 22. Be familiar with the process wound contraction and how fibroblast, myofibroblast and TGF-beta play a role. 23. What is angiogenesis?a. What stimulates angiogenesis and why is it needed during inflammation and wound healing?24. What is granulation tissue?a. What is it made up of?25. Be familiar with the activation and secretions of fibroblast. a. Which is stronger, Type I or Type III collagen? 26. What are some impediments to wound healing? a. Hypotensionb. Hypovolemia c. Greater intercapillary distance d. Hypothermia27. KNOW THE QUESTIONS FROM THE READING ASSIGNMENT WORKSHEET ON