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U of M ANTH 1001 - Lecture 3-27-18 Origins of the Human Logistical Adaptation (53 pages)

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Lecture 3-27-18 Origins of the Human Logistical Adaptation



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Lecture 3-27-18 Origins of the Human Logistical Adaptation

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Pages:
53
School:
University of Minnesota- Twin Cities
Course:
Anth 1001 - Human Evolution
Human Evolution Documents

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3 27 18 Origins of the Human Logistical Adaptation 1 Practicalities Midterm 2 4 5 18 is a week from this Thursday covering lectures through this Thursday 3 29 18 and this week s lab Lab 9 but not Lab 10 Lab 10 will be held next week 4 2 4 5 No lab between 4 9 and 4 12 2 Topics for Today Site Formation Processes the Oldowan Industry Implications of the Oldowan for diet anatomy and cognition Residential mobility vs Logistical Mobility for Understanding the Oldowan s Techno Organic niche Who Made the Oldowan 3 The stone tool record is the beginning of a defining aspect of the human adaptation Human life consists of ceaseless and varied interactions among people and myriad kinds of things Michael Schiffer The Material Life of Human Beings 1999 2 Culture is an essential part of the human adaptation and as much a part of human biology as bipedal locomotion or thick enamel on our molars Robert Boyd 4 Material culture as the human exoskeleton a defining characteristic Stone Age Visiting Cards 6 What are they using these sharp rocks for 7 8 The aids to the wimpy dentition of a hominin 9 Techno organic evolution sensu Schick Toth 1993 10 replaces anatomical adaptations with tools 11 12 Shea s Ch 4 Predictions for Pliocene Early Pleistocene Lithic Technology Systematic production of small stone cutting edges stone used as artificial teeth Stone cutting edges used for pre oral food processing Stone cutting edges used to manufacture tools from other materials Earliest preserved wooden artifacts a platter at 0 79 mya at Gesher Benot Ya aqov Israel 14 What one small stone flake can do 15 Bone marrow extraction by direct percussion 16 Break patterns for bone marrow extraction Prehistoric Modern 17 Taphonomic Diagnostic Features Tooth Marks Shape U Depth shallow Internal surface smooth Stone Tool cut marks Shape V Depth deep Internal surface striated 18 Microscopy of bone surfaces Modern stone tool cut marks Olduvai Gorge 1 9 mya 19 Microscopy of bone surfaces Olduvai Gorge 1 9 mya stone tool cut marks Olduvai Gorge 1 9 mya Carnivore tooth mark 20 Units within Archaeology Artifacts Features Sites Olduvai Gorge Zinj floor Bones stones are more than 100 times as concentrated on Oldowan sites as they are on the landscape without human activity 21 The Pivotal Question How were these dense clusters of bones and stones formed 22 Did Early Hominins live in Home Bases like modern humans Glynn Isaac s Central Place Foraging Hypothesis 23 Did Early Hominins live in Home Bases like modern humans 24 25 Bone surface wear accumulation time Bed I sites at Olduvai 26 Hunting or scavenging Likely BOTH but there is evidence at some sites for early access to carcasses keeping carnivores away from the tastiest pieces and or hunting themselves Bone surface wear accumulation time Bed I sites at Olduvai 27 Types of Food Getting Technology Instrument a tool used to impinge on masses incapable of


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