UMass Amherst KIN 460 - Fundamentals of the nervous system Handout (5 pages)
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Fundamentals of the nervous system Handout
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- Pages:
- 5
- School:
- University of Massachusetts Amherst
- Course:
- Kin 460 - Motor Control
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A B The nervous system fundamentals Postural Control in Multiple Sclerosis Stability and Complexity Analyses University of Massachusetts Amherst Department of Kinesiology Questions Chemical Diffusion Why do we need neurons What is the structure of neurons What is the relation between neuronal form and function How many neurons and connections does the CNS have An imaginary organism with sensory cells S that control motor cells M by releasing a chemical transmitter or hormone into the common fluid space 1 Diffusion time of a chemical signal Figure 1 3 The major light and electron microscopical features of neurons Part 1 Neuronal communication through axons and dendrites Figure 1 2 Some nerve cell morphologies found in the human nervous system Part 1 2 Figure 1 2 Some nerve cell morphologies found in the human nervous system Part 2 Figure 1 6 Visualizing nerve cells and their connections regulate errors brain typing while talking corrective movements Cells of nervous system How many neurons does the brain have 100 109 100 billion How many supporting cells 300 109 Schematic of a neuron with myelinated axon The myelin is seen interrupted at regular intervals at the nodes of Ranvier The picture is not to scale the distance between the nodes of Ranvier is typically of the order of 1 mm while the cell body might be 20 80 mm in diameter How many connections 1 100 000 per neuron 3 Figure 1 5 Varieties of neuroglial cells Part 1 Multiple Sclerosis What happens in MS Chemical balance Recent may have stem cell properties Myelin PNS Schwann cells Figure 1 7 A simple reflex circuit the knee jerk response Part 1 Injury scavenger cells Figure 1 9 Intracellularly recorded responses underlying the myotatic reflex Part 2 4 Questions Think big Why do we need neurons What is the structure of neurons Think Functionally not structurally What is the relation between neuronal form and function How many neurons and connections does the CNS have 5
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