UCSB DANCE 45 - Dance45 Final Study Guide (20 pages)

Dance 45 Final Exam Study Guide Romantic era Social upheaval Jean Jacques Rousseau The individual is unique o Revolutionary idea o Individual has value just for being unique Confessions o Autobiography of his life Industrial Revolution Railroad allowed for the awareness of faraway places whether or not one could travel to faraway places themselves Middle class Rise of the middle class Gas lighting Curtain Gas lighting worked with effects that romantic ballets dances wanted to achieve Lights can be lowered Curtain can be lowered before beginning of performance Backstage scrim Opaque curtain at the back of the stage Gave a sense of ghosts shadows Eerie sense Dr Louis Vernon 1830 In charge of the Paris Opera Only time Paris Opera has run a profit Slashed salaries of ballerinas o Inclined ballerinas to become mistresses Jockey club Group of wealthy men friends of Dr Louis Vernon that enjoyed having mistresses Foyer de la Danse Area which Dr Louis Vernon provided for his friends to meet the ballerinas mistresses Robert le Diable 1831 Robert the Devil Choreographer Philip Taglioni Star Marie Taglioni Romanticism in ballet begins in one scene o Ballet scene Lapsed nuns Dead nuns rising from the grave dancing in the moonlight amongst ruins of abandoned convent La Sylphide 1832 First romantic ballet Choreographer o Philip Taglioni Star 2 o Marie Taglioni 1 act light 2nd act dark o Light vs dark o Hope vs despair Storyline o Happy peasants dancing o James lord of manor o Effie fianc e o Peasant Gurn loves Effie o Madge evil witch played by a man Tells fortunes Madge tells Effie she will marry James he will never marry and Gurn he and Effie will be married o Sylph Only James sees her James wants to possess sylph James tries to use magical scarf given by Madge to catch sylph scarf knocks her wings off sylph dies James dies of heart attack Philip Taglioni Father of Marie Taglioni Choreographed Robert le Diable Choreographed La Sylphide Marie Taglioni Daughter of Philip Taglioni Starred in Robert le Diable Starred in La Sylphide James Eppi Madge Characters in La Sylphide o James Lord of manor o Eppi James s fianc e Gurn pauper is in love with Eppi o Madge Evil witch Played by man Tells fortunes marriage August Bournonville Headed ballet in Denmark for 60 years Had men continue to perform st Fanny Elssler Pagan Dancer not an insult rather a compliment that she had raw lustiness especially in Cachuca 1836 3 Cachucha Graceful Spanish solo dance Theophile Gautier Dance critic Jockey Club Wrote against male dancer Female dancers dominate Paris Male dancers Russia Denmark Wrote Giselle o Only gave credit for choreography to Coralli o In love with Grisi Giselle 1841 Height of romantic ballet Captures sense of unattainable female Stars o Carlotta Grisi Choreographed by Grisi s lover Jules Perrot and Jean Coralli Written by Gautier In love with Grisi Act 1 sunlit Albrecht noble Hilarion gamekeeper Bathilde engaged to Albrecht Giselle mad scene dies Act II moonlit Wilis Slavic vampire o Women that have died without being married o Betrayed by a man Queen of the Wilis Mythra Hilarion danced to death Giselle saves Abrecht Carlotta Grisi Star of Giselle Jules Perrot Carlotta s lover Choreographed Giselle Carlotta s parts French Russia 1848 1859 Ballet d Action o Unity o No masks Choreographed Grisi s role in Giselle o No credit given Jean Coralli Choreographed Giselle Given all credit even though Perrot also choreographed 4 Albrecht Lucien Petipa Noble in Giselle Engaged to Bathilde Saved by Giselle French ballet dancer in Romantic period Worked with Jean Coralli choreographer Coppelia Girl with the Enamel Eyes 1870 Last great romantic ballet Choreographer o Arthur Saint Leon Stars o Giuseppina Bozzacchi Franco Prussian War Both Saint Leon and Bozzacchi die Comic Swanilda o Young woman o Engaged to Frantz Frantz o Fianc e o Played by a woman in drag Dr Coppelias o Crazy inventor o Wants to take Frantz s soul and put it into the doll Coppelia so he can have a real daughter Swanilda Frantz Coppelia Young engaged couple Frantz played by woman in drag Arthur Saint Leon Choreographed Coppelia French Russia 1859 1870 Brilliant divertissements o Divertissements do not move the plot along but are purely for entertainment National dances Giuseppina Bozzacchi Starred in Coppelia Created the role of Swanilda at age 16 Died at age 17 from a fever Franco Prussian War Broke out after the triumph of the ballet The Paris Opera closed Imperial Russian Ballet Russia wants to Westernize o Peter the Great 5 o o Tsar Late 17th century early 18th century Fashions and dance from the West Servants of the Tsar King o Anyone who works for the ballet is actually a servant for the Tsar and his family o Respect shown always to the Tsar o Careers for women and men Respectable Jean Baptiste Lande French Establishes St Petersburg Ballet School 1738 St Petersburg to Leningrad to St Petersburg St Petersburg Capitol o To Leningrad o To St Petersburg Maryinsky Theater to Kirov Theater Maryinsky Theater o To Kirov o To the Maryinsky Academic classical Kirov Ballet Moscow Bolshoi Theater Bolshoi Ballet o Flamboyant Charles Didelot French Russia 1801 1837 20 ballets Raises standards o Flying wires o Pointe work Marius Petipa First choreography The Pharaoh s daughter Arrives in Russia in 1847 Chief ballet master 1870 o Chief ballet master for 30 years 40 ballets o Swan Lake o The Nutcracker o Sleeping Beauty Pleases o Tsar o Himself o Public Aerial and point work 6 Plot structures Divertissement o Long ballets Children on stage Happy peasants Grand Pas de Deux Daughter of the Pharoah Marius Petipa Aspica is the daughter of the Pharaoh English lord Opium dream o Becomes Ta hor in dream Ta hor saves Aspica from a lion Aspica abandons fianc e To escape ex fianc e Aspica dives into the Nile Spirit of Nile returns Aspica to the land Divertissement Marius Petipa Divertissements do not move the plot along but are purely for entertainment Grand Pas de Deux Marius Petipa Marius Petipa Entr e o Dancers enter Adagio o Male partners female o Slower music Male variation o Male shows off High jumps Female variation o Female shows off Quick foot work Coda o Big flashy finale 4 Styles of movement Marius Petipa Classical hero Character folk Demi character Mime codified Children on stage Marius Petipa Plot structure The Sleeping Beauty 1890 Details to composer o Tchaikovsky At the end of Act 1 o Rose Adagio 7 Act II o Act III o o o Prince and Aurora find one