Animal Behavior 1Strategies, Tactics, Game Theory & EvolutionMethods of StudyObservationalExperimentalComparativeStrategies & TacticsStrategy = a plan of action, in which you define your goals and decide the means by which you'll meet those goalsTactic = an action or sequence of actions you use to achieve your strategical goals1. single optimum strategy - everyone in a group or species uses the same strategy 2. alternative, competing strategies- multiple different strategies within a single group A) fixed = no choice - options are pre-determined for the life of the individual B) plastic = choice - individuals choose which strategy to adopt and are not permanently fixed in each individualEvolutionBiological evolution:A change in the genetic make-up of a population or species over generations. The accumulation of many genetic changes results, eventually, in visible differences in the population or species. Evidence for evolution:1. fossil record2. homologies- similarity of structures of different organisms as a result of their evolution from a common ancestor A. anatomy B. embryology and developmentC. molecular Phylogeny = evolutionary history of a lineage 3. empirical dataAnimal Behavior 2- multigenerational experiments and
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