A. There is insufficient information to decide whether fog indices for the three magazines are different.B. Fail to reject H0, conclude there is insufficient evidence to indicate that there is a difference in the mean fog indices for the three magazines.C. Fail to reject H0, conclude the mean fog indices for the three magazines.D. Reject H0, conclude that at least one of the mean fog indices for the three magazines is different.*E. Reject H0, conclude the mean fog indices for the three magazines are equal.A. p > 0.05B. 0.025 < p-value < 0.05C. 0.01< p-value < 0.025 *D. 0.001< p-value < 0.01E. p < 0.001A. 96.6737B. 13.2393*C. 9.8328D. 49.7895E. 2.1529COURSE: DSCI 3710 Print Name: Exam 2 Version A Signature: Fall – 2013 Student ID#: INSTRUCTIONS:- Please print your name and student ID number on this exam. Also, put your signature on this exam.- On your scantron PRINT your name and exam version. To better protect your privacy also print your name on the backside of your scantron.- This exam has 35 questions. You have 105 minutes to complete this exam. The exam is open book, open notes, and open mind. You may use a laptop/tablet and any type of hand calculator but please show all your work on the exam and mark all answers on the scantron. Usage of cell phones, digital cameras, PDAs, and other communication devices is strictly prohibited. Do not open a chat window if you use a laptop/tablet.- Please DO NOT pull this exam apart. When you have completed the exam, pleaseturn in your scantron and exam booklet to your instructor, at the front desk.- No cheating.- Good luck!Note: Whenever question(s) are connected you may be asked to assume a result (given a value) as an answer for the previous question but this result (value) may or may not be correct. The procedure is set in place to prevent you from losing points on a subsequent question because you made a mistake on some previous question/s.1Use the following to answer the next five questions.The fog index is used to measure the reading difficulty of a written text: The higher the value of the index, the more difficult the reading level. A researcher wants to know if the reading difficulty index is different for the three magazines viz. Scientific American, Fortune, and New Yorker. An independent random sample of six advertisements each is taken from Scientific American, Fortune, and New Yorker, and the fog indices for the eighteen advertisements are measured, as recorded in the table below. Scientific American Fortune New Yorker15.75 12.63 9.2711.55 11.46 8.2811.16 10.77 8.159.92 9.93 6.379.23 9.87 6.378.20 9.42 5.66Source : Adapted from Shuptrine, F.K and D.D. McVicker, “Readability Levels of Magazine Advertisements.” Journal of Advertising Research, 21, no. 5 (1981), 45-50Anova: Single FactorSUMMARYGroups Count Sum Average VarianceScientific American 6 65.8110.968337.004777Fortune 6 64.08 10.68 1.44504New Yorker 6 44.1 7.35 1.99364ANOVASource of Variation SS df MS F P-value F critBetween Groups XXXXX 224.264376.9702130.007234XXXXXWithin Groups52.21728 XX XXXXXTotal 100.746 17 1. Which of the following would be the appropriate null hypothesis to test a difference in the mean fog indices for the three magazines?A. Ho: Not all mean prices are equal B. Ho: μ1 ≠ μ2 ≠ μ3 C. Ho: μ1 = μ2 = μ3*D. Ho: μ1 < μ2 < μ3 E. Ho: μ1 > μ2 > μ3 2. How much is the variation,as measured by sums of squares, between groups for the fog indices? 2A. 23.70 B. 52.22 C. 24.26D. 48.53*E. 85.24 3. What is the calculated value of the test statistic? A. 6.97*B. 3.25C. 9.12D. 7.89E. 5.244. What is the critical (table) value of the test statistic? Use α = 0.05.A. 3.6823*B. 2.7109C. 6.5914D. 4.2252E. 2.50825. Using α = 0.05 and assuming that the calculated value of the test statistic is 9.20, whatis the conclusion of this ANOVA test?A. There is insufficient information to decide whether fog indices for the three magazinesare different.B. Fail to reject H0, conclude there is insufficient evidence to indicate that there is a difference in the mean fog indices for the three magazines.C. Fail to reject H0, conclude the mean fog indices for the three magazines.D. Reject H0, conclude that at least one of the mean fog indices for the three magazines is different.*E. Reject H0, conclude the mean fog indices for the three magazines are equal. Use the following to answer the next five questions3A couple of Statistics professors believe that the undergraduate degree affects the choice of major in the MBA program. They took a random sample of last year’s MBA students and recorded the undergraduate degree and the major selected in the graduate program. Do the data present sufficient evidence that the undergraduate degree affects the choice of the major selected in the MBA program? A Chi-square test was deemed appropriate for this situation.MBA MajorUndergraduate Degree Accounting Finance Marketing TotalBA 31 13 16 60BEng 8 16 7 31BBA 12 10 17 39Other Degrees 10 5 7 22Total 61 44 47 1526. What is the null hypothesis?A. Ho: Undergraduate degree and major selected in the MBA program are dependentB. Ho: Undergraduate degree is greater than major selected in the MBA programC. Ho: Undergraduate degree is less than major selected in the MBA programD. Ho: Undergraduate degree and major selected in the MBA program are independent*E. None of the above7. What is the expected number of students who select Finance as the MBA major with a BBA undergraduate degree?A. 11.29*B. 24.08C. 6.80D. 18.56E. 17.48. What is the critical (table) value of the test statistic at the 0.01 level of significance?A. 18.548B. 16.812*C. 11.143D. 7.779E. 14.6849. Suppose that the calculated value of the test statistic is 14.70. Which of the following ranges best describes the p-value?A. p > 0.054B. 0.025 < p-value < 0.05C. 0.01< p-value < 0.025 *D. 0.001< p-value < 0.01E. p < 0.00110. Assuming that the p-value is 0.0227, what would be the decision at the 0.05 significance level?A. Reject Ho and conclude that the undergraduate degree and MBA program major are dependent * B. Reject Ho and conclude that the undergraduate degree and MBA program major are independent C. Fail to Reject Ho and conclude that the undergraduate degree and MBA program major are dependentD. Fail to Reject Ho and conclude that the undergraduate degree and MBA program major are independentE. Reject Ho