- main organ inside the skull.- consists of brain and spinal cordGeneral : main coordinating and central system for the bodyTissue types:Gray matter – contains cell bodies of neurons. COORDINATES signals (micro processors)White matter – contains axons. Sends signals (the wiringVentricles (16.2)Fluid filled spaces. Lateral, 3rd, and 4th. Cerebrospinal fluidLateral – upper part of brain in cerebrum3rd – located in diencephalon4th – located in brain stemcerebrospinal fluid – looks like plasma. Carriers nutrients and waste products.Blood – brain barrier. If drugs cant get passed this then they cant have effect on the brain !(16.3) Meninges (single meninx) .. 3 layers! Listed superficial to deepDura materOuter and most thickest. “plastic milk jug”Dural sinusesArachnoidMiddle later, threaded like a web, acts like a fluid cushionPia materOutter surface of the brain, very thinBrain regions 16.1Cerebrum (larger than rest of brain combined)(upper part of brain)Olfactory bulbs (lobes)Sense of smellHemispheresSulci – sulcus (grooves)Gyri – gyrusLobes (16.17)Frontal – emotion, memory, judgment.Temporal – visual and sound. Auditory processing.Parietal (on top)Occipital (in back)Cortex – gray matter outer region.Functions – memory, thought, reasoning, planning.Lateral ventricleDiencephalon – Walls of 3rd Ventricle3rd ventriclethalamus – (one on each side) (2)switchboard (sensory signals)/ routing center for signals in and out of cerebrumhypothalamus (below thalamus) (1)major autonomic control center for the body. nUMBER 1controls body temp, appetite for food & drink(hunger&thirst), regulates hormones (growth,sex h.), regulates heart rateCerebellumWHERE: inferior&posterior to cerebrumCORTEX:ARBOR VITAE – branch shapped of white matter in cerebellumSuperior (midbrain), Middle (pons), inferior (medulla). PediclesFunction – coordinates and corrects muscles movementSite of learned reflexes and complex patterns of muscle activityBrainstem – white matter on outside, gray matter inside in clumps called nucleiMidbrain – mostly white matter. Connects high and low centers of brain. To cerebrum, or down to medullaPons – connects cerebrum & cerebellumAssists in regulating breathing musclesMedulla oblongata#2 autonomic control center, after hypothalamusControls breathing, coordination of swallowing, blood pressureForamen magnum – divides the brainstem and the spinal cord. Medulla blends into spinal cordDecussation – “crossing over” signals to/from brain to opposite side of bodyThese signals cross over. Left side of brain controls right side of bodyCentral nervous system – brain 03/26/2014- main organ inside the skull. - consists of brain and spinal cordGeneral : main coordinating and central system for the bodyTissue types:-Gray matter – contains cell bodies of neurons. COORDINATES signals(micro processors)-White matter – contains axons. Sends signals (the wiringVentricles (16.2) -Fluid filled spaces. Lateral, 3rd, and 4th. Cerebrospinal fluid oLateral – upper part of brain in cerebrumo3rd – located in diencephalono4th – located in brain stem ocerebrospinal fluid – looks like plasma. Carriers nutrients and waste products. oBlood – brain barrier. If drugs cant get passed this then they cant have effect on the brain ! (16.3) Meninges (single meninx) .. 3 layers! Listed superficial to deep -Dura materoOuter and most thickest. “plastic milk jug” oDural sinuses-ArachnoidoMiddle later, threaded like a web, acts like a fluid cushion-Pia mater oOutter surface of the brain, very thinBrain regions 16.1-Cerebrum (larger than rest of brain combined)(upper part of brain)oOlfactory bulbs (lobes)oSense of smelloHemispheresSulci – sulcus (grooves) Gyri – gyrus oLobes (16.17)Frontal – emotion, memory, judgment. Temporal – visual and sound. Auditory processing. Parietal (on top)Occipital (in back)oCortex – gray matter outer region. oFunctions – memory, thought, reasoning, planning. oLateral ventricle -Diencephalon – Walls of 3rd Ventricleo3rd ventricleothalamus – (one on each side) (2)switchboard (sensory signals)/ routing center for signals in and out of cerebrumohypothalamus (below thalamus) (1)major autonomic control center for the body. nUMBER 1controls body temp, appetite for food & drink(hunger&thirst), regulates hormones (growth,sex h.), regulates heart rate -CerebellumoWHERE: inferior&posterior to cerebrumoCORTEX:oARBOR VITAE – branch shapped of white matter in cerebellumoSuperior (midbrain), Middle (pons), inferior (medulla). PediclesoFunction – coordinates and corrects muscles movement Site of learned reflexes and complex patterns of muscle activity -Brainstem – white matter on outside, gray matter inside in clumps called nuclei oMidbrain – mostly white matter. Connects high and low centers of brain. To cerebrum, or down to medullaoPons – connects cerebrum & cerebellum Assists in regulating breathing musclesoMedulla oblongata #2 autonomic control center, after hypothalamus Controls breathing, coordination of swallowing, blood pressureForamen magnum – divides the brainstem and the spinal cord. Medulla blends into spinal cord Decussation – “crossing over” signals to/from brain to opposite side of body-These signals cross over. Left side of brain controls right side of body